Caring For Surgical Patients, C43; WB, P-LQ Flashcards
Week/Module 6
Anesthesia
prevents pain (during surgery); accomplished through medication
General Anesthesia
causes consciousness loss
__________ Anesthesia can numb from the waist down (for birth).
Regional
________ Anesthesia is used for eye surgeries, breast biopsies, & hernia repairs.
Local/Topical
Hernia repair surgery can be performed with _____ Anesthesia.
Local/Topical
___________ involves treating diseases/disorders by physically changing organs/tissues.
Surgery
Exploratory/Diagnostic Surgery
performed when person has significant medical problem & doctors don’t know how bad the problem is or what’s causing the problem
Definitive Surgery
done when medical problem is known & surgery is the best way to address it
_____________ Surgery can treat appendicitis, hernias, & fractures (since medical problem is known & surgery is best way to address problem).
Definitive
Elective Surgeries
planned for & scheduled ahead of time
A face-lift surgery is an ___________ Surgery.
Elective
Urgent Surgery
planned for & scheduled asap so person doesn’t worsen
An ____________ Surgery needs to happen soon (but not immediately).
Urgent
Emergent/Emergency Surgery
performed immediately to prevent death/disability
Perioperative Period
made of:
Preoperative
Intraoperative
Postoperative
Preoperative Phase
Patient prepared for surgery
Preoperative Phase begins when person is _________ about needing surgery & ends when person enters ________ room.
informed, operating
Intraoperative Phase
surgery performed
Postoperative Phase
preventing complications & helping person recover
NAs ______ allowed to obtain signed consent from Patient concerning understanding surgical procedure.
aren’t
NAs may need to assist surgical patients with 5 activities: HENAP
hygiene
elimination
nutrition
ambulation
positioning
RN explains P___________ procedures, medications’ & _____ purposes, & what happens ________/_______ surgery.
Preoperative, tests’, before/after
_________ obtains signed consent
Nurse
Nurse teaches surgical Patient __________-reducing excercises.
complication
NAs assist Surgical Patients to bathe with _______________ soap.
antimicrobial
Immediately before surgery, Patient may be given _________ to reduce anxiety.
sedative
After person receives sedative drug, ____ _____ must remain up s/he must not get up without ____________.
side rails, assistance
_______ of surgery, Patient may bathe with antimicrobial soap.
Morning
In days leading up to surgery, Patient may undergo ____________ testing (to assess cardiovascular/respiratory functions).
diagnostic
__________ before surgery, Patient may be placed on NPO status.
Evening
Vomiting (especially while unconscious) can lead to ___________, which can cause _____________.
Aspiration, Pneumonia
Immediately after surgery, Patient goes to ____ (acronym).
PACU
PACU stands for . . .
. . . Postanesthesia Care Unit.
PACU is also called ________ Room.
Recovery
While in PACU, Patient usually receives supplemental ________.
oxygen
NA prepares ________ ___ for Postoperative Patient (so that it’s ready when surgery is done).
surgical bed
Children may be in ______ or ____ positions after surgery to prevent Aspiration in case of vomiting.
lateral, Sims’
2 common Postoperative respiratory complications:
Pneumonia
Atelectasis
In Atelectasis, alveoli ________.
collapse
In Pneumonia, _______ fills alveoli
fluid
Atelectasis & Pneumonia make oxygen passing ____ blood & carbon dioxide passing ___ __ blood difficult.
into, out of
2 common exercises to prevent Postoperative respiration complications:
deep breathing
Incentive Spirometry
Incentive Spirometry
forcefully inhaling through incentive spirometer
When blood flow _____ & ______, Thrombus might form.
slows, pools
Thrombus
Thrombus
Thrombophlebitis
condition; Thrombus in leg veins causing inflammation & pain
Embolus
Thrombus that breaks loose & moves through bloodstream
Embolus can travel to ______, get stuck in a blood vessels, & cause a Stroke.
brain
NAs help patients prevent emboli after surgery by putting on ___ (acronym) stockings.
TED
Pulmonary Embolism
Embolism blocking pulmonary artery
_____________ & ___________ ____________ may be first signs of (often-fatal) Pulmonary Embolism.
Restlessness, breath shortness
IPCD stands for . . .
. . . Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Devices.
IPCD can help prevent _________ in lower legs by moving blood through pressure.
Embolism
If Patient had surgery involving digestive system, Nasogastric Tube is connected to suction to keep ___________ empty.
stomach
10 items NAs can place in Postoperative Patient’s room before Patient arrives:
- VS-taking equipment
- VS recording device
- intravenous (IV) pole
- towel/washcloth
- emesis basin
- bed protector
- suction (to connect to drainage devices)
- supplemental oxygen
- pillows (positioning aids to elevate extremities)
- warmed blankets
Postoperatively, VS are taken every
- __ minutes for 1st ____
- __ minutes for next 1 to 2h
- _ hour for next _h
- _ hours as ordered
1st h: every 15m
next 1 or 2h: every 30m
next 4h: every h
as ordered: every 4h
3 potential bad outcomes of Thrombus formation:
Stroke
Pulmonary Embolism
Thrombophlebitis
3 things to lower Thrombus formation risk:
IPCD
Antiembolism Stockings
leg exercises
