Basic Nutrition, C24; WB & Flashcards
Week/Module 8
Liver, carrots, egg yolks, fortified milk are Vitamin _ sources.
A
Pork, liver, whole, enriched grains, legumes are Vitamin __/_________ sources.
B1/Thiamin
Milk, organ meats (for example, brain, kidneys, liver), enriched grains, green vegetables are Vitamin __/____________ sources.
B2/Riboflavin
Milk, organ meats (for example, brain, kidneys, liver), enriched grains, green vegetables are Vitamin __/_______ sources.
B3/Niacin
Meat (including organ meats), eggs, milk, cheese are Vitamin ___ sources.
B12
Green leafy vegetables, meats, whole grains are ______ _____ sources.
Folic Acid
Citrus fruits, broccoli, green peppers, strawberries, green leafy vegetables are ______ _____ sources.
Ascorbic Acid
Sunlight, fortified milk, fish liver oils are Vitamin _ sources.
D
Vegetable oils, wheat germ, whole grains are Vitamin _ sources.
E
Vegetable oils, wheat germ, whole grains, liver, green leafy vegetables, eggs are Vitamin _ sources.
K
Vitamin K assists with metabolism of Proteins necessary for normal blood _________.
clotting
Milk, cheese, canned fish with bones, green leafy vegetables are __________ sources.
Calcium
Milk, meat, nuts, peas, beans are __________ sources.
Phosphorus
Liver, lean meats, enriched & whole-grain breads, cheese, green leafy vegetables are ____ sources.
Iron
Table salt & seafood are ______ sources.
Iodine
Table salt is ________ source.
Sodium
Whole grains, fruits, green leafy vegetables are __________ sources.
Potassium
Green leafy vegetables, nuts, beans, grains are ___________ sources.
Magnesium
Vitamin _
Helps us to see in dim light
Keeps skin and mucous membranes healthy
A
Vitamin __/_________
Helps produce energy from Glucose
Assists with nerve function
B1/Thiamin
Vitamin __/___________ & __/_________
Assists with the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat
B2/Riboflavin, B3/Niacin
Vitamin ___
Assists with the formation of hemoglobin (the molecule that carries oxygen throughout the body) and red blood cells
B12
_____ _____
Assists with protein metabolism and the formation of red blood cells
Folic Acids
Vitamin _/_____ ______
Assists with tissue healing, building red blood cells, and iron absorption
C/Ascorbic Acid
Vitamin _
Assists with the absorption of calcium and phosphorus to strengthen bones
D
Vitamin _
Assists with the formation of red blood cells
Assists with the reproductive system
E
Vitamin _
Assists with metabolism of the proteins necessary for normal blood clotting
K
_______
Keeps the teeth and bones strong
Assists with blood clotting
Assists with nerve function and contraction of the heart and skeletal muscles
Calcium
___________
Keeps the teeth and bones strong
Assists with the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat
Phosphorus
____
Used to produce hemoglobin (the molecule that carries oxygen throughout the body)
Iron
_________
Used by the thyroid gland to produce hormones for cell metabolism
Iodine
_______ & ___________
Assists with fluid balance, nerve function, and contraction of the heart and skeletal muscles
Sodium, Potassium
__________
Assists with bone and tooth formation, protein synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolism
Magnesium
Nutrition
taking in/using foods
Taking in/using foods is called __________.
Nutrition
The updated 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans states that >.5 of U.S. population meets/exceeds total ______ & ______ recommendations, but _________, _______, & ______ intake remains too low to meet nutritional requirements.
protein, grain, vegetables, fruit, dairy
Nutrient
essential elements from food that body breaks down
_____________ are essential elements from food that body breaks down.
Nutrients
In terms of calories, ____ provides the most concentrated energy.
Fat
Fat _______ organs & helps us stay ______.
protects, warm
___________ are body’s most basic source of fuel (Glucose).
Carbohydrates
Glucose
simple sugar; monosaccharide; body’s most basic fuel source
________ helps body rebuild broken down tissue.
Protein
_________ contain amino acids, small molecules that are body’s “building blocks” for cells.
Proteins
Protein contain _______ ______, small molecules that are body’s “building blocks” for cells.
Amino Acids
_______ help provide in-body structure & regulates body processes.
Minerals
_____________ Carbohydrates must be broken down in to simple sugars so the body can use them.
Complex
Extra carbohydrates that are not used immediately as fuel are stored in _____ or converted to ___ & stored elsewhere in the body.
liver, fat
Ingestion
itaking food
intaking food is called ____________.
Ingestion
Digestion
breaking down food into Nutrients
Breaking down food into Nutrients is called __________.
Digestion
Absorption
transferring Nutrients from digestive tract to bloodstream
Transferring Nutrients from digestive tract to bloodstream is called _________.
Absorption
Metabolism
converting Nutrients into energy (which occurs in cells)
Converting Nutrients into energy (which occurs in cells) is called _____________.
Metabolism
9 foods protein is in:
milk, cheese
red meat, bird poultry, fish
eggs
nuts
legumes (dried peas, beans)
milk, cheese
red meat, bird poultry, fish
eggs
nuts
legumes (dried peas, beans)
all contain ________.
Protein
Calcium _____________ bones.
strengthens
Vitamins can be dissolved in ________ or ________ (depending on Vitamin) &/or stored in the body.
water, oil/fat/lipid
_____ adds bulk to poop, & thus helps prevent bowel movement problems.
Fiber
The government recommends making ____ your plate fruits & vegetables (especially red, orange, & dark green vegetables).
half
The government recommends making at least half of your grains _____.
whole
The government recommends varying Protein by eating __________ twice weekly.
seafood
7 factors that influence one’s eating habits:
religion
culture
geography
finances
kitchen skills
food dis/likes
appetite
Regular/House Diet
well-balanced; no restrictions on specific foods/condiments
A ________/______ Diet is well-balanced; no restrictions on specific foods/condiments.
Regular/House
Mechanical Diet
no foods that’re hard to chew/digest
A ___________ Diet means no foods that’re hard to chew/digest.
Mechanical
Mechanical Chopped Diet
foods cut in small pieces to make them easier to chew
A Mechanical ___________ Diet has foods cut in small pieces to make them easier to chew.
Chopped
Mechanical Soft Diet
ground up foods; no hard to chew/digest foods
A Mechanical ____ Diet has ground up foods; no hard to chew/digest foods.
Soft
Carbohydrate/CHO-Controlled Diet
contains limited carbohydrate amounts
______________/___-____________ Diet contains limited carbohydrate amounts.
Carbohydrate/CHO-Controlled
Clear Liquid Diet
substances that can be poured at room/body temperature & are transparent
_______ ______ Diet is made of substances that can be poured at room/body temperature & are transparent.
Clear Liquid
Milk ____ be consumed on a Clear Liquid Diet.
can’t
Full Liquid Diet
Clear Liquid Diet + any food that can be poured at room/body temperature
____ ______ Diet includes Clear Liquid Diet + any food that can be poured at room/body temperature.
Full Liquid
Low Cholesterol Diet
low in Saturated Fats & Cholesterol
____ ____________ Diet is low in Saturated Fats & Cholesterol.
Low Cholesterol
Sodium-Restrict Diets _____ forbid all sodium consumption.
don’t
According to OBRA regulations, dining with others ___ recommended.
is
3 consistencies for consumable liquid/fluid are:
Nectar
Honey
Pudding
Nectar consistency looks like a _____ when poured.
ribbon
Honey consistency is thicker than _______ consistency & thinner than ______ consistency.
Nectar, Honey
When poured, Honey consistency looks like a _______.
column
Pudding consistency “_____”.
plops
Wearing a clothing protector is ___________ choice, so ask the person if s/he wants to wear one.
personal
Enteral Nutrition
placing food directly in stomach or intestines, eliminating need for chewing/swallowing
_________ Nutrition places food directly in stomach or intestines, eliminating need for chewing/swallowing.
Enteral
To help avoid regurgitation/aspiration, the bed’s head is raised during Enteral Feeding & for >_h after.
1
Intravenous _________ isn’t a complete nutrition source, but it’s useful when one needs fluids.
Therapy
Enteral Feedings may be scheduled or continuous (through ________ Pump).
Infusion
In ________ ___________ Nutrition, nourishment is delivered into bloodstream through large catheter inserted into large vein near heart.
Total Parenteral
Enteral feeding tubes are inserted directly into the ___________ or ____________.
stomach, intestines
Nasogastric tubes are passed through _____, down _______, & into __________.
nose, throat, stomach
Gastrostomy tubes are inserted into stomach through _________ incision.
surgical
Jejunostomy tubes are inserted into ___________ through surgical incision.
Jejunum
Edema
too much fluid accumulation in tissues
NPO stands for ____ ___ __ & means nothing be mouth.
nils per os
Fluid Balance
fluid amount leaving body = fluid amount entering body
fluid amount leaving body = fluid amount entering body
is called . . .
. . . Fluid Balance.
_ ounce = __ milliliters
1/30 ratio
Anorexia
appetite loss
