respiratory system Flashcards
External respiration
bring gas from outside into lungs
what happens when we breath
gas exchange
take in oxygen
release co2
aerobic respiration
requires oxygen (plants and animals)
diaphragm
muscle that separates lungs from abdominal cavity
inhalation
diaphragm comes down and air rushes in
exhalation
diaphragm moves into arch and air is squeezed out of lungs
cilia
hairlike projections that prevent particles from entering lungs
what makes a good respiratory system
thin, moist, in contact with oxygen surrounding environment, in contact with transport system
nasal passages
filter, moistens and warms air hairs mucous membrane with cilia by capillaries
pharynx
throat
larynx
voice box
trachea
windpipe
kept open by rings of cartilages
ciliated mucous membrane
bronchi
two cartilage ringed tubes lined with ciliated cells
bronchioles
groups of tiny tubes with less and less cartilage
avioli
respiratory surfaces where gas is exchanged, have large surface area, 300 million in our lungs.
path of air
nasal cavity-> pharynx -> larynx-> trachea -> bronchi -> bronchioles -> avioli
what smoking can do
smoking = bad
lung cancer
tumors in lungs. mostly caused by carcinogens.
asthma
sever allergic reaction causing wheezing and breathing problems. bronchioles spasms
bronchitis
lining of bronchial tubes are irritated and swollen. passageways to alveoli may swell and fill with mucous
emphysema
lungs lose elasticity. permanent damage
pneumonia
alveoli are filled with fluid prevents exchange of gases
Internal respiration
gas exchange through lungs and bloodstream
Cellular respiration
atp production in mitochondria
