Nutrition

Question 0

Extra cellular

Answer 0

Occurs outside cell in multicellular

Question 1

Intracellular digestion

Answer 1

Occurs within cell in unicellular or small multicellular

Question 2

Essential amino acids

Answer 2

8 that your body can’t produce, include them in diet b/c they make proteins

Question 3

Vitamins

Answer 3

Co-enzymes, important in chem reactions in body

Question 4

Vitamin C

Answer 4

Neurotransmitters, hormones, prevents disease/cancer; deficiency causes scurvy; sources are citrus/berries leafy green veggies/peppers and tomatoes

Question 5

Vitamin K

Answer 5

BLOOD CLOTTING; deficiency causes bruising and slow blood clotting; cooked dark veggies kiwi olive oil

Question 6

Vitamin A

Answer 6

Skin/mucus/membranes/digestive lining; carotenoids, milk, dark veggies

Question 7

Vitamin B-1 (Thiamine)

Answer 7

Coenzyme for carb metabolism; heart disease, BeriBeri, Alzheimer’s; whole grain, lean pork, legumes

Question 8

Calcium

Answer 8

Bone growth; osteoporosis, hypertension, colon cancer; dairy products, kale/broccoli

Question 9

Iodine

Answer 9

Metabolism; goiter impairs growth and neurology development; soil/salt

Question 10

Iron

Answer 10

Carries o2 and forms hemoglobin; anemia, low hemo and birth weight in babies; grain products, meat, poultry, fish

Question 11

Zinc

Answer 11

Present in nucleus/major role in regulation; reduced immune function, skin lesions, depressed growth; red/white meat, shellfish

Question 12

Malnourishment

Answer 12

Eat enough but eat unhealthy

Question 13

Undernourishment

Answer 13

Don’t even eat mannn

Question 14

Mouth

Answer 14

Mechanical digestion, chewing, chemical digestion of carbs

Question 15

Esophagus

Answer 15

No digestion, peristalsis moves food down

Question 16

Stomach

Answer 16

Protein digestion

Question 17

Pancreas

Answer 17

Make enzymes released to small int to break down carbs, lipids, proteins, accessory organ

Question 18

Small intestine

Answer 18

Digestion of cabs, lipids and proteins, absorption of digested materials through villi

Question 19

Large intestine

Answer 19

Reabsorption of water by villi

Question 20

Liver

Answer 20

Makes bile to emulsify fat (NOT ENZYME) accessory organ

Question 21

Epiglottis

Answer 21

Prevents food from going down wrong pipe

Question 22

Peristalsis

Answer 22

Muscle contraction moves food involuntarily through digestive tract

Question 23

Villi

Answer 23

Finger like projections in SMALL INTESTINE that INCREASE SURFACE AREA for greater absorption of fatty acids glycerol monosaccharides and amino acids. Surrounded by blood vessels to absorb/carry away nutrients (capillary w/ lymph node running through)

Question 24

Gall bladder

Answer 24

Stores bile

Question 25

3 macronutrients

Answer 25

Carbs (mono saccharide) proteins (amino) lipids (3 fatty acids+glycerol)

Question 26

Bile

Answer 26

Made in liver stored in gall bladder (MECHANICAL EMULSIFYER, NOT ENZYME) fat globules->droplets

Question 27

Trypsin

Answer 27

Basic (small int)

Question 28

Pepsin

Answer 28

Acidic (stomach)

Question 29

Ulcer

Answer 29

Bacteria, heliobacter pylori; pain and vomiting; causes erosion of surface; treatments are antacids, special diet, antibiotics

Question 30

Colon cancer

Answer 30

Lack of calcium, obesity, genes; symptoms (often none besides diarrhea/constipation); causes fatigue, abdominal pain; chemo

Question 31

Diarrhea

Answer 31

Intestinal infection; keep hydrated or use antibiotics

Question 32

Gallstones

Answer 32

Small hard particles in gall bladder blocking bile duct; remove gall bladder