Inorganic Chemistry

Question 0

Atom

Answer 0

Basic building blocks of all matter/smallest possible particle of an ELEMENT not life

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Anything that occupies space/has mass (elements, compounds, and mixtures)

Question 2

Proton

Answer 2

Subatomic particle with a positive charge➕, located in nucleus, 1amu

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

Subatomic particle with a neutral charge, located in nucleus, 1amu

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

Subatomic particle with a negative charge➖, orbits around nucleus, basically no mass

Question 5

Atomic number

Answer 5

Number of PROTONS (only=electrons in a non ion)

Question 6

Atomic Mass

Answer 6

Mass of Protons+Neutrons in nucleus (round to nearest whole #)

Question 7

Number of electrons in each energy level/cloud

Answer 7

1st=2
2nd=8
3rd=18

Question 8

How do you tell the number of valence electrons?

Answer 8

Periodic table: 1v, 2 (skip transition metals) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (noble gas)

Question 9

Molecule

Answer 9

Two or more atoms held together by COVALENT bonds/type of compound/nonmetal+nonmetal/no salts

Question 10

Element

Answer 10

A group of identical atoms

Question 11

Compound

Answer 11

Two or more different elements in a fixed ratio (covalent or ionic)

Question 12

Protein

Answer 12

25%

Organic

Question 13

Salts

Answer 13

1%

Inorganic

Question 14

Fats/carbs/lipids

Answer 14

7%

Organic

Question 15

Water

Answer 15

67%

Inorganic

Question 16

What elements make up organic matter?

Answer 16

Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) (nitrogen is also important)

Question 17

Isotope

Answer 17

Same number of protons, different number of nuetrons

Question 18

Ionic bond

Answer 18

TRANSFER metal (lose) and nonmetal (gain) to become a salt/crystal (becomes atoms with opposite charges that are attracted to each other and easier to break than covalent)

Question 19

Oxidation

Answer 19

A metal atom that loses electrons (LEO says GER)

Question 20

Reduction

Answer 20

A nonmetal atom that gains electrons (LEO says GER)

Question 21

Covalent bond

Answer 21

SHARE nonmetal+nonmetal/molecules/shown with line which represents a pair of 2 electrons/harder to break than an ionic bond

Question 22

The # of covalent bonds an atom can form is the..

Answer 22

of valence electrons needed to fill outer shell (H can form 1, O can form 2, etc) maximum 3 bonds between 2 elements but can form bonds with other elements if it needs more

Question 23

Polar covalent bond

Answer 23

Atoms that do not exert the same pull on shared electrons/The stronger atom ends up with a slight negative charge (more electrons on that side)

Question 24

Nonpolar covent bond

Answer 24

No difference in charge between the two ends of bonds (diatomic N2, O2 etc)

Question 25

Mixture

Answer 25

Not chemically combine ex salt water

Question 26

Diatomic Molecules

Answer 26

2 of the same element (O2, N2, H2, Cl2)

Question 27

Substance

Answer 27

Chemically combined

Question 28

Acids

Answer 28

Form hydrogen ions (H+) in solution... | HCl hydrochloride acid dissolves in H+ and Cl-/less than 7 pH/Electrolyte

Question 29

Electrolytes/ types of Electrolytes

Answer 29

Free moving ions in a mixture that conducts electricity. Aqueous salts (NaCl MaCl) and Acids (HCl HNo) and Bases (NaOH)

Question 30

Aqueous Salts

Answer 30

Breaks up, Cl- attracts to H+ and Na+ attracts to O-,

Question 31

As water cools, hydrogen bonds..

Answer 31

Form and release energy to moderate temp

Question 32

As water heats, hydrogen bonds..

Answer 32

Break and absorb energy to moderate temp

Question 33

Ph Scale

Answer 33

Measures the hydrogen ion (H+) concentratin | 0(most acidic)--7(nuetral)--> 14(basic)

Question 34

Hydrogen bonds form intermolecular attraction when?

Answer 34

(O-) is attracted to (H+) causing cohesion, adhesion, and capillary action

Question 35

Bases

Answer 35

Any compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water... NaOH sodium hydroxide dissolves into Na+ and OH-/Electrolyte

Question 36

Neutralization

Answer 36

The Ph level is returned to 7 when the H+ from the acid combines with the OH- from the base forming H2O