Circulatory System Flashcards
Materials move in and out of cells through…
Diffusion and osmosis
What supplies are carried in circulatory system?
Oxygen, nutrients, sugars, water, salts, metabolic waste
Cyclosis
Circulation of cytoplasm in a unicellular (their circulatory system)
Circulatory systems in Cnidarian
Most cells in contact w/ external environment, direct exchange (Hydra)
Circulatory systems in Annelids
Small pulsating vessels as hearts (earthworm)
Circulatory system in Insects/arthropods
One pulsating vessel, organs bathing in blood (grasshopper), no oxygen in blood
Arteries
Blood AWAY and also BIGGEST higher blood pressure/muscles (always rich in oxygen besides pulmonary artery)
Capillaries
Only one cell thick, gas/nutrient/waste exchange DIFFUUUSE
Veins
TOWARDS HEART lower blood pressure slowly pushes by skeletal muscles (deoxygenated besides pulmonary vein) valves so it goes da rite way
Fish
2 chamber hearts, weak gill capillaries
Amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals have…
2 circuits (pulmonary and systematic)
Pulmonary circuit
LUNGS TO AND FRO
Systemic
To and fro BODY
Heart in amphibians/reptiles
3 chambered, inefficient b/c oxygen rich and o2 poor blood still mix
Heart in mammals and birds
4 chambered w/ cardiac muscles. two halves to separate oxygenated blood from o2 poor blood
Atrium
Blood returns to heart, top half
Ventricles
Bottom half, blood is pumped out
Valves
Separate atria/ventricles
Septum
Separates oxygenated/deoxygenated blood
Aorta
Largest artery leaving the heart pumps blood to body
Vena cava
Veins leading back into heart (superior/inferior) from body
Pathway of blood flow starting from RA?
RA, RV, pulmonary artery, lungs, p vein, LA, LV, aorta to body, vena cava, RA
Sinoatrial node/pacemaker
Causes the atria to contract through sending impulses and triggers AV node
Atrioventricular node
Causes ventricles to contract
Plasma
Watery part w/ dissolved substances
Red blood cells
Carry oxygen, majority of blood, shape increases surface area, no nucleus
Hemoglobin
Protein that makes it red holds oxygen and contains iron
White blood cells
Fight off infectious disease IMMUNE, through phagocytes and lymphocytes, make antibodies
Platelets
Blood clots w/ fibrin protein signaled by thromboplastin enzyme
Systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Sys=heart contracts
Dia=heart relaxes
Antigens
Determine if it’s a foreign invader
Universal recipient
AB
Universal donor
O
Intercellular fluid
Fluid is in between cells
Lymph
Fluid in lymphatic system
Plasma
Fluid in blood
Lymphatic system?
Carries intercellular fluid tht leaked out of vessels back to circulatory system
Lymph nodes
Store WBC tht destroy pathogens in lymph
Tricuspid/atrial ventricular AV valve
B/w RA and RV (prevent blood from flowing back into atrium)
Bicuspid valve/ atrial ventricular AV valve/ Mitral valve
B/w LA and LV
