RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Flashcards
- Is the tubular and cavernous organs that allow atmospheric air to reach the membranes across which gases are exchanged with the blood which includes the air passages and the lungs.
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
–is the act of breathing or act of respiring.
Respiration
Two Phases of Respiration:
Inspiration
Expiration
–is the taking in of air or breathing in
Inspiration
– is the breathing out or the expelling air from the lungs.
Expiration
the intercostal contract to elevate the ribs and at the same time, the diaphragm contracts and is displaced downwards, thus, increases in size of the chest cavity.
INSPIRATION
Air then passes out from the lungs to equalize the pressure
EXPIRATION.
PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:
I. RESPIRATORY PASSAGES:
- Nasal cavities or Nasal fossae
- Pharynx / Throat
2.1 Nasopharynx
2.2 Oropharynx
2.3 Laryngeal Part - Larynx / Voice box
- Trachea / Windpipe
- Bronchi / Bronchial tubes
- Bronchioles —-Little Bronchi
II. LUNGS:
A. Right Lung (3 Lobes)
B. Left Lung (2 Lobes)
- Is a hollow tube about 4.5 inches in length extending from the Larynx to the Bronchi below.
TRACHEA / WINDPIPE
- The trachea divides into two tubes or bronchi, the (L) and the (R) Main Bronchi, one for each lung
BRONCHI (Sing. Bronchus).
–is the panty-like structure on the bifurcation of the two bronchi.
Carina/Keel
- are the final minute tubes and are continuous with the air spaces of the lungs.
BRONCHIOLES / LITTLE BRONCHI
- The (R) and (L) lung are the organs of respiration that occupy the (R) and (L) chest cavities
LUNGS
—the partition between the two halves of the chest. It extends from the base of the neck to the diaphragm.
Mediastinum (Middle Septum)
Each lung is cone-shaped with pointed end or apex reaching about one inch above the clavicle, which is known as the __________ , while the lower end or base rests upon the convex surface of the diaphragm.
“cupula”
-are spongy, crepitant, float on water and have elastic tissue in their walls, frequently blue gray in color because of inhaled dusts.
LUNGS
–natural division that separate the Lobes of the lungs.
Fissure or Grooves
The RIGHT Lung is divided into Three (3) Lobes or Divisions:
Upper/Superior Lobe
Middle Lobe
Lower / Inferior Lobe
The left lung is divided into two (2) lobes or divisions
upper/superior lobe
lower/inferior lobe
Are the structural units or divisions of the lobes of the lungs, one for each segmental bronchus.
THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS OF THE LUNGS:
(RIGHT LUNG 10)
UPPER:
-APICAL
- POSTERIOR
- ANTERIOR
MIDDLE:
- LATERAL MIDDLE LOBE
- MEDIAL MIDDLE LOBE
LOWER:
- SUPERIOR BASAL
- POSTERIOR BASAL
- MEDIAL BASAL
- ANTERIOR BASAL
- LATERAL BASAL
THE BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS
(LEFT LUNG 8)
UPPER:
- APICAL POSTERIOR
- ANTERIOR
- SUPERIOR LINGUAL
- INFERIOR LINGUAL
LOWER
- SUPERIOR BASAL
- POSTERIOR BASAL
- ANTERIOR MEDIAL BASAL
- LATERAL BASAL
-are small units of each Bronchopulmonary segment containing many minute air sacs.
Lobules (Little Lobes)
–is the active tissue of the lungs.
Parenchyma
