Respiratory System Flashcards
What is the correct order of the passage of air?
• Nose
• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli
Which muscles are used in the inspiration phase during rest?
• Diaphragm
• External intercostals
Which muscles are used in the expiration phase during rest?
It’s passive, the diaphragm and external intercostals just relax
Which muscles are used in the inspiration phase during exercise?
• Diaphragm
• External intercostals
• Sternocleidomastoid
• Scalenes
• Pectoralis minor
Which muscles are used in the expiration phase during exercise?
• Internal intercostals
• Abdominals
What is the order of processes for inspiration at rest?
• External intercostals contract
• Ribcage forced upwards
• Volume increased, pressure decreased
• (Same time) diaphragm contracts
• Volume increased, pressure decreased
• Air drawn in due to pressure difference
What is the order of processes for expiration at rest?
• Diaphragm relaxes
• External intercostals relax
• Ribcage lowered
• Volume decreases, pressure increases
• Air forced out due to pressure difference
What is the order of processes for inspiration during exercise?
• External intercostals, diaphragm, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, and pectoralis minor contract
• Ribcage forced upwards quickly
• Volume greatly increased, pressure greatly decreased
• Lots of air drawn in due to large pressure difference
What is the order of processes for expiration during exercise?
• Internal intercostals contract
• Ribcage forced down quickly
• Diaphragm, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor and external intercostals relax
• Abdominals contract
• Volume greatly decreased, pressure greatly increased
• Lots of air forced out due to large pressure difference
What features assist in gaseous exchange/diffusion at the alveoli?
• Large SA of alveoli
• Moist thin walls (lung surfactant) (one cell wall thick)
• Short distance for diffusion (short diffusion pathway)
• Lots of capillaries
• Large blood supply
