Respiratory Pathology I

Question 1

Lung facts - sources of cardiac output (3)

Answer 1

Question 2

Species differences - lobulation (4)

Answer 2

Question 3

Species differences - vessels and brionchioles - cats, rodents and marine mammals (3)

Answer 3

Question 4

Differences between bronchioles and bronchi and inflammation (3)

Answer 4

Question 5

Lung protective mechanisms and cells (5)

Answer 5

Question 6

Affect of inhalation of particles - outcomes? (3)

Answer 6

Question 7

How are particles removed from the alveoli? (3)

Answer 7

Question 8

Classes of pulmonary macrophages and their function (5)

Answer 8

Question 9

Defences of respiratory system and what can inflammation lead to (4)

Answer 9

Question 10

What are the congenital diseases of the nasal cavity and sinuses?

Answer 10

• Choanal atresia in camelids

Question 11

What is choanal atresia? - congenital lesions of nasal cavity and sinus (4)

Answer 11

Question 12

What is nasal amyloidosis, epistaxis, Waldeyer’s ring (4)

Answer 12

Question 13

What is rhinitis?

Answer 13

Irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose - starts with serous exudate and progresses to catarrhal (localised or part of systemic disease)

Question 14

Causes of rhinitis in dogs (10)

Answer 14

• Foreign body
• Mycotic
• Allergic
• Idiopathic
• Oronasal fistula
• Tooth infection
• Ciliary dyskinesia - cilia are absent or do not beat in a synchronised fashion, the particles become trapped in the airways. The result is chronic respiratory infections leading to bronchitis and pneumonia.
• Tumours
• Viral
• Bacterial

Question 15

Causes of rhinitis in horses (9)

Answer 15

• Viral
• Bacterial
• Ethmoid haematoma
• Sinonasal polyp
• Ethmoid/sinus cysts
• Tumours
• Tooth infection
• Amyloidosis
• Mycotic

Question 16

Causes of rhnitis in cats (7)

Answer 16

• Viral
• Fungal
• Foreign body
• Stenosis
• Polyps
• Tumours
• Bacterial

Question 17

Causes of rhinitis in cattle (4)

Answer 17

• Viral
• Mycotic
• Allergic
• Parasitic

Question 18

Causes of rhinitis in pigs

Answer 18

Viral

Question 19

Causes of rhinitis in sheep/goats (3)

Answer 19

• Bacterial
• Oestrus ovis (nasal bot fly)
• Tumour

Question 20

Common types/presentations of rhinitis (5)

Answer 20

Question 21

What is idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis? (5)

Answer 21

Question 22

What is allergic (atopic) rhinitis? (7)

Answer 22

Question 23

What is suppurative rhinitis? (3)

Answer 23

Question 24

What is granulomatous rhinitis? (4)

Answer 24

Question 25

Sinusitis - secretions and exudates, which species is it most important in? (3)

Answer 25

Question 26

What are the types of proliferation of the nasal cavity and sinuses? (3)

Answer 26

(Chronic rhinitis/sinusitis causes polypoid mucosal thickening)

• Progressive ethmoid haematoma
• Nasopharyngeal polyp
• Cystic lesions - paranasal sinus cysts, cystic nasal conchae

Question 27

What are progressive ethmoid haematomas? (5)

Answer 27

Question 28

What are nasopharyngeal polyps? (8)

Answer 28

Question 29

What are the cystic lesions of the nasal cavity and sinuses? (2)

Answer 29

Question 30

Pathology of the guttural pouch (7)

Answer 30

Question 31

Pharynx pathology - species differences with pigs, common lesion (3)

Answer 31

Question 32

Larynx - predisposition, oedema, inflammation (3)

Answer 32

Question 33

Laryngeal paralysis in horses (4)

Answer 33

Question 34

Laryngeal paralysis in dogs (3)

Answer 34

Question 35

What is laryngeal chondritis? (4)

Answer 35

Question 36

Trachea - common findings (5)

Answer 36

Question 37

What is brachycephalic airway syndrome? (4)

Answer 37

Question 38

What is tracheal collapse? (4)

Answer 38

Question 39

What is tracheal oedema and haemorrhage syndrome? (5)

Answer 39

Question 40

Pleura - facts (4)

Answer 40

Question 41

Pneumothorax - types (5)

Answer 41

Question 42

What are the non-inflammatory effusions of the pleura? (3)

Answer 42

Question 43

What is pleuritis? (3)

Answer 43

Question 44

Types of pleuritis lesions (3)

Answer 44

Question 45

Pleuritis in horses (3)

Answer 45

Question 46

Pleuritis in dogs (3)

Answer 46

Question 47

Agents that cause pleuritis in pigs (4)

Answer 47

Question 48

Agents that cause pleuritis in cattle (4)

Answer 48

Question 49

Lungs - development and growth (5)

Answer 49

Question 50

Lungs - lobe torsion (6)

Answer 50

Question 51

Lungs - atelectasis - types (5)

Answer 51

Question 52

What are the two forms of emphysema? (2)

Answer 52

Question 53

What is alveolar emphysema? (5)

Answer 53

Question 54

What is interstitial emphysema? (5)

Answer 54

Question 55

Lungs - emphysema, size of lung itself, blebs, bullae (3)

Answer 55

Question 56

Lungs - emphysema, overinflation of alveoli, where can it be congenital? (2)

Answer 56