Respiratory Pathology I Flashcards
Lung facts - sources of cardiac output (3)
Species differences - lobulation (4)
Species differences - vessels and brionchioles - cats, rodents and marine mammals (3)
Differences between bronchioles and bronchi and inflammation (3)
Lung protective mechanisms and cells (5)
Affect of inhalation of particles - outcomes? (3)
How are particles removed from the alveoli? (3)
Classes of pulmonary macrophages and their function (5)
Defences of respiratory system and what can inflammation lead to (4)
What are the congenital diseases of the nasal cavity and sinuses?
- Choanal atresia in camelids
What is choanal atresia? - congenital lesions of nasal cavity and sinus (4)
What is nasal amyloidosis, epistaxis, Waldeyer’s ring (4)
What is rhinitis?
Irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose - starts with serous exudate and progresses to catarrhal (localised or part of systemic disease)
Causes of rhinitis in dogs (10)
- Foreign body
- Mycotic
- Allergic
- Idiopathic
- Oronasal fistula
- Tooth infection
- Ciliary dyskinesia - cilia are absent or do not beat in a synchronised fashion, the particles become trapped in the airways. The result is chronic respiratory infections leading to bronchitis and pneumonia.
- Tumours
- Viral
- Bacterial
Causes of rhinitis in horses (9)
- Viral
- Bacterial
- Ethmoid haematoma
- Sinonasal polyp
- Ethmoid/sinus cysts
- Tumours
- Tooth infection
- Amyloidosis
- Mycotic
Causes of rhnitis in cats (7)
- Viral
- Fungal
- Foreign body
- Stenosis
- Polyps
- Tumours
- Bacterial
Causes of rhinitis in cattle (4)
- Viral
- Mycotic
- Allergic
- Parasitic
Causes of rhinitis in pigs
Viral
Causes of rhinitis in sheep/goats (3)
- Bacterial
- Oestrus ovis (nasal bot fly)
- Tumour
Common types/presentations of rhinitis (5)
What is idiopathic lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis? (5)
What is allergic (atopic) rhinitis? (7)
What is suppurative rhinitis? (3)
What is granulomatous rhinitis? (4)
Sinusitis - secretions and exudates, which species is it most important in? (3)
What are the types of proliferation of the nasal cavity and sinuses? (3)
(Chronic rhinitis/sinusitis causes polypoid mucosal thickening)
- Progressive ethmoid haematoma
- Nasopharyngeal polyp
- Cystic lesions - paranasal sinus cysts, cystic nasal conchae
What are progressive ethmoid haematomas? (5)
What are nasopharyngeal polyps? (8)
What are the cystic lesions of the nasal cavity and sinuses? (2)
Pathology of the guttural pouch (7)
Pharynx pathology - species differences with pigs, common lesion (3)
Larynx - predisposition, oedema, inflammation (3)
Laryngeal paralysis in horses (4)
Laryngeal paralysis in dogs (3)
What is laryngeal chondritis? (4)
Trachea - common findings (5)
What is brachycephalic airway syndrome? (4)
What is tracheal collapse? (4)
What is tracheal oedema and haemorrhage syndrome? (5)
Pleura - facts (4)
Pneumothorax - types (5)
What are the non-inflammatory effusions of the pleura? (3)
What is pleuritis? (3)
Types of pleuritis lesions (3)
Pleuritis in horses (3)
Pleuritis in dogs (3)
Agents that cause pleuritis in pigs (4)
Agents that cause pleuritis in cattle (4)
Lungs - development and growth (5)
Lungs - lobe torsion (6)
Lungs - atelectasis - types (5)
What are the two forms of emphysema? (2)
What is alveolar emphysema? (5)
What is interstitial emphysema? (5)
Lungs - emphysema, size of lung itself, blebs, bullae (3)
Lungs - emphysema, overinflation of alveoli, where can it be congenital? (2)
