Diseases of the Vessels II Flashcards
What are the different types of viral vasculitis? (4)
- Equine viral arteritis (EVA) - notifiable
- African horse sickness (AHS) - notifiable
- African swine fever (ASF) - notifiable
- Classical swine fever (hog cholera) (CSF) - notifiable
What is equine viral arteritis (EVA) - how does it spread, carriers, infection, what damage does it cause? (4)
Notifiable disease
What are the clinical symptoms of equine viral arteritis (EVA), how does it appear grossly, histologically and how is it diagnosed? (4)
What is African horse sickness virus? - vector, what does it affect, different types? (6)
What are the different forms of African horse sickness virus? (5)
What is African swine fever virus? - what types of virus, what does it affect, location of outbreak, symptoms? (7)
How does African swine fever cause disease and what are the different types and the clinical signs? (9)
How does African swine fever appear grossly? (5)
How does African swine fever appear histologically? (3)
What is classical swine fever virus? - what does it affect, what are the different types, what sort of infection does it produce, where does it persist, how is it spread, how is it diagnosed? (7)
What cells does classical swine fever affect and how does this cause disease? - how is it spread? (6)
What does acute classical swine fever involve? - how does it enter, where does it replicate, viraemia, clinical signs and lesions? (4)
How does classical swine fever appear grossly and histologically? (3)
- Brain grossly normal
- Histo - mononuclear vascular cuffs, endothelial swelling
- Fibrinoid vascular necrosis especially in lymphoid tissue, microscopic infarction, renal tubular degeneration
Classical swine fever - in utero, chronic and late onset infection. (4)
What bacterial disease cause vasculitis? (2)
- Heartwater (cowdriosis) - Ehrlichia ruminantium - tickborne (Amblyomma spp.) (Rickettsial)
- Rocky mountain spotted fever - Rickettsia rickettsii, tickborne (Dermacentor spp.)
What is heartwater (cowdriosis)? - which species does it affect, location, where does it replicate, lesions, forms? (8)
What is Rocky Mountain spotted fever? - name of bacteria species, vector, what does it infect, where does it replicate, treatment, clinical signs, gross appearance, diagnosis. (8)
What are the types of venous disease and anomalies - what do they predispose to? (4)
How does thrombosis lead to venous disease? - types of thrombosis depending on inflammation present (3)
Spontaneous thrombosis - why, where, other notes?
Unknown, VC, portal vein
Neoplastic thrombosis - why, where, other notes?
Tumour invasion, anywhere, phaeochromocytoma into VC
Nephrotic syndrome (dogs) - why, where, other notes?
Antithrombin III lost in urine, renal vein, VC
Downer syndrome (cows) - why, where, other notes?
>4-6 hours recumbent (poor prognosis if down for long time), femoral vein (hindlimb), venous infarction of muscles and sciatic nerves causes permanent paraplegia
Stomach venous infarction (pigs) - why, where, other notes?
Septicaemia, gastric veins
Endophlebitis
Bacteraemia, irritant injections, omphalitis, anywhere
Toxic thrombosis (horses) - why, where, other notes?
Phenylbutazone toxicity, anywhere, often see GI ulceration and renal papillary necrosis as well
Where does inflammation commonly extend and how are emboli produced and what can this lead to? (3)
What is lymphatic disease + lymphoedema - primary, secondary? (7)
What are the congenital lymphatic diseases? (2)
- Congenital hereditary lymphoedema
- Lymphocoele
What is congenital hereditary lymphoedema? (5)
What is a lymphocoele? (2)
What are the dilation/rupture lymphatic diseases? (2)
- Lymphangiectasis
- Chylothorax
What is lymphangiectasis and intestinal lymphangiectasis? (3)
What is a chylothorax? (3)
What are the different types of inflammatory lymphatic diseases? (4)
- Lymphangitis
- Thrombotic
- Granulomatous
- Nodular ulcerating
- Sporadic
- Ulcerative
- Epizootic
What are the different types of lymphangitis, species affected and causes? (3)
What is sporadic lymphangitis? (5)
What is ulcerative lymphangitis? (3)
Ulcerative lymphangitis in cattle (3)
What is epizootic lymphangitis? (6)
What are the different vascular neoplasms? (2)
What is a hamartoma and telangiectasis? (2)
What are the benign vascular neoplasms? (3)
What are haemangiosarcomas? (8)
How does malignant vascular neoplasia appear histologically? (4)
What are lymphangiosarcoma and intravascular lymphoma? (2)
