Respiratory Pathology - 3 (pneumoconiosis/PVD)

Question 1

What is Pneumoconiosis?

Answer 1

Reaction by the lungs to inhaled material

Question 2

Reaction by the lungs to inhaled material

Answer 2

Pneumoconiosis

Question 3

When will Pneumoconiosis be worse?

Answer 3

• High and repetitive exposure to small particle sizes

- Smoking = impaired ciliary clearance

Question 4

When will Pneumoconiosis be worse?

Answer 4

• High and repetitive exposure to small particle sizes

- Smoking = impaired ciliary clearance

Question 5

What are 3 types of Pneumoconiosis?

Answer 5

1. Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Asbestosis

Question 6

What are 3 types of Pneumoconiosis?

Answer 6

1. Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Asbestosis

Question 7

Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis is due to inhaled?

Answer 7

Coal dust

Question 8

What can be some findings with Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis?

Answer 8

Anthracosis
Coal nodules
Progressive fibrosis

Question 9

What will be present on histology images and gross images of the lungs with Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis?

Answer 9

Dark pigment

Question 10

Is coal workers’ pneumoconiosis usually progressive?

Answer 10

NO

Question 11

Silicosis is due to inhaled?

Answer 11

Silicon Dioxide

Question 12

What are some jobs that could involve inhaling silicon dioxide?

Answer 12

Mining

Concrete work

Question 13

What is seen on histology with Silicosis?

Answer 13

Dense collagenous nodules

Question 14

What type of onset and progression does Silicosis have?

Answer 14

Insidious onset

– Progresses to massive fibrosis or cancer

Question 15

What is seen on a radiograph with Silicosis?

Answer 15

Eggshell calcifications

calcified hilar lymph nodes

Question 16

Eggshell calcifications of the hilar lymph nodes is seen with?

Answer 16

Silicosis

Question 17

Asbestosis is due to inhaled?

Answer 17

Asbestos fibers

Question 18

Which Asbestos fibers are more dangerous because they are inhaled deeper?

Answer 18

Amphibole

Question 19

Asbestosis affects the pleura and the lungs. What are those findings?

Answer 19

Pleura = fibrosis, effusions, mesothelioma
Lung = interstitial fibrosis, carcinoma

Question 20

What specific thing will be seen on histology with Asbestosis?

Answer 20

Ferruginous bodies with macrophages attempting degradation

Question 21

Candlewax drippings of hyalinized collagen can be seen on the pleura with what?

Answer 21

Asbestosis plaques

Question 22

With a pulmonary embolism, what shape are the infarcts and what do they progress to?

Answer 22

Wedge shaped

- Start as hemorrhagic –> fibrosis

Question 23

How can you tell when an embolism occurred?

Answer 23

Lines of Zahn = Antemortem

Question 24

Lines of Zahn

Answer 24

• Tell that a clot occurred while the patient was alive (antemortem)
  = alternating areas of red and pale

Question 25

When will bone marrow/fat emboli be seen?

Answer 25

Trauma

Question 26

What is a type of septic emboli that can cause an embolus?

Answer 26

Infective endocarditis -- valve vegetations break off and can occlude vessels

Question 27

Air, foreign materials and parasites can also cause vessel obstruction. What type of embolism can be seen with IV drug users?

Answer 27

Talc embolism | -- also septic embolism with infective endocarditis

Question 28

What defines Pulmonary Hypertension?

Answer 28

Pulmonary Artery Pressure > 20 mmHg

Question 29

What defines Pulmonary Hypertension?

Answer 29

Pulmonary Artery Pressure > 20 mmHg

Question 30

What is a very characteristic lesion seen with Pulmonary Hypertension?

Answer 30

Plexiform lesion

Question 31

What is a subjective thing seen with Pulmonary Hypertension?

Answer 31

Medial Hypertrophy

Question 32

When is a Plexiform lesion seen?

Answer 32

Pulmonary Hypertension

Question 33

What is a common pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome?

Answer 33

Goodpasture syndrome

Question 34

What type of immunofluorescence will be seen with Goodpasture Syndrome?

Answer 34

Linear

Question 35

What age/damage will patients with Goodpasture Syndrome present with?

Answer 35

Males 20-30s with lung and kidney damage

Question 36

Goodpasture Syndrome has antibodies to?

Answer 36

Non-collagenous subunit of collagen IV | Anti-basement membrane deposition