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2 - CPR (pulmonary) > Pulmonary Function Testing > Flashcards

Pulmonary Function Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Volume of air inspired and expired with each normal breath

A

Tidal Volume

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2
Q

Amount of air that can be forcefully expelled beginning with lungs completely full and blowing until lungs are empty

A

Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

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3
Q

Amount of air expelled in the first second of the FVC maneuver

A

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1st second (FEV1)

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4
Q

What is the FVC maneuver?

A

Amount of air expelled beginning with the lungs completely full and blowing until the lungs are as empty as possible

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5
Q

Volume of air remaining in lungs after expiration

A

Residual Volume

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6
Q

Maximum volume to which lungs can be expanded with inspiration

A

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

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7
Q

What are some indications to perform Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?

A
  • Dyspnea, cough, asthma, COPD

- Suspected bronchiectasis, ILD, chest wall diseases

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8
Q

What are 5 components of PFTs?

A
  1. Spirometry
  2. Lung volumes/capacities
  3. DLCO
  4. Bronchodilator therapy
  5. Bronchoprovocation
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9
Q

Spirometry flow volume curve shows?

A

Expiration only

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10
Q

Spirometry flow volume loop shows?

A

Expiratory and Inspiratory flow

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11
Q

What does Spirometry measure?

A

FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC ratio

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12
Q

What does Body Plethysmography measure?

A

Residual volume

Total Lung Capacity

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13
Q

DLCO

A

Diffusing capacity of lung for Carbon Monoxide

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14
Q

What does DLCO measure?

A

Gas exchange through the alveolar wall

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15
Q

How is DLCO performed?

A
  • Diffusing capacity of the lung for Carbon Monoxide

= Patient inhales CO, holds breath, then exhales and the CO is measured to calculate the DLCO

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16
Q

When is Bronchodilator Therapy used?

A

With Obstructive Lung Disease to determine if it is reversible

17
Q

What is given for Bronchodilator Therapy?

A

Albuterol (beta 2 agonist)

18
Q

When is Bronchodilator Therapy (+) and what does that conclude?

A

Greater than 12% increase in FEV1 or FVC AND volume increase greater than 200 ml
= Asthma

19
Q

When is Bronchodilator Therapy (+) and what does it conclude?

A

Greater than 12% increase in FEV1 or FVC AND volume increase greater than 200 ml
= Asthma

20
Q

If Bronchodilator Therapy is (-), what does that conclude?

A

COPD or other obstructive lung disease

21
Q

When is Bronchoprovocation used?

A

When PFTs are normal but Asthma is still suspected

22
Q

Most common type of Bronchoprovocation used?

A

Methacholine challenge

– Ach analog used to (+) mAchR = Bronchoconstriction

23
Q

DDX for Obstructive Lung Disease

A

COPD: chronic bronchitis, Emphysema
Asthma
Bronchiectasis, Bronchiolitis

24
Q

How does the Obstructive lung disease flow volume curve look?

A

Concave

25
Q

How does the Restrictive lung disease flow volume curve look?

A

Peaked, steeple, witch’s hat

26
Q

Spirometry results for Obstructive Lung Disease?

A

FEV1 < 80% predicted

FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7!!!!!

27
Q

Lung volume results for Obstructive Lung Disease?

A

INCREASED residual volume and TLC

28
Q

DLCO results for Emphysema with obstructive lung dz?

A

LOW

– Others = normal

29
Q

Spirometry results for Restrictive Lung Disease?

A

FVC < 80% predicted

FEV1/FVC ratio normal > 0.7

30
Q

Lung volume results for Restrictive lung dz

A

DECREASED residual volume and TLC

31
Q

DLCO results for Interstitial Lung Disease (restrictive)

A

LOW

– Others = normal

32
Q

What PFTs results will be present with MIXED disease?

A
  • FEV1/FVC = LOW

- TLC = LOW and is < 5% of predicted

33
Q

What PFTs results will be present with MIXED disease?

A
  • FEV1/FVC = LOW

- TLC = LOW and is < 5% of predicted

34
Q

FEV1/FVC ratio must be less than ____ to be considered an Obstructive Lung Disease

A

LESS than 0.7

2 - CPR (pulmonary) (26 decks)

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