Radiology Correlation Flashcards
What does a normal CXR have that a CT scan does not?
Overlying bone structures and soft tissue
What is the pattern of Bronchopneumonia?
“tree in bud”
– Looks like a tree with budding leaves!
Tree in bud appearance
Bronchopneumonia
What is the appearance of Lobar Pneumonia?
Consolidation – white lobe
Consolidation appearance of Lobar Pneumonia is associated with what?
Alveolar fluid/exudate
Once Lobar Pneumonia has consolidation present, what can it progress to?
Bulging fissure
– larger bulging lobe
Once Lobar Pneumonia has a bulging fissure present, what can it progress to?
Abscess formation
With Lobar Pneumonia, what does an Abscess formation look like?
Air fluid level in cystic space
With Bronchiectasis, what will be seen?
Widening of airways with extension into PERIPHERAL lung fields
Widening of airways with extension out into the peripheral lung fields is suggestive of?
Bronchiectasis
In lung radiographs, where should airway markings be?
Central
BATWING appearance is what color?
WHITE batwings
Reverse BATWING appearance is what color?
Black batwings
What causes BATWING infiltrates?
Anything that favors PROXIMAL vascular/airway involvement!
What are 3 things that can cause BATWING infiltrates?
- Pulmonary edema
- Inhalation injury
- Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
= Proximal involvement
What causes Reverse BATWING infiltrates?
Anything that favors PERIPHERAL involvement
What are 3 conditions that cause Reverse BATWING infiltrates?
Fibrosis
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Sarcoidosis
BATWING appearance is because the conditions follow ____
Airways
Reverse BATWING appearance is because the conditions follow ____
Lymphatics
What are some conditions that can cause a complete white out?
ARDS
- Severe conditions, hemorrhage, malignancy
What makes pulmonary nodules white?
Calcifications
What does a Hamartoma pulmonary nodule look like?
Popcorn calcification
What does a Granuloma pulmonary nodule look like?
Laminated, diffuse calcifications
What are 4 tumor characteristics that are more likely present with a malignancy?
- Larger size with faster growth rate
- More solid in nature
- Irregular borders
- LESS calcifications
What are 4 tumor characteristics that are more likely present with a malignancy?
- Larger size with faster growth rate
- More solid in nature
- Irregular borders
- LESS calcifications
If a tumor has malignancy characteristics you should get a?
Biopsy
What guidelines help guid clinical diagnosis and management and which tumors should get biopsied?
Fleischner guidelines
What are 2 exceptions of a malignant tumors that do not look malignant on CXR?
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma
Adenocarcinoma in Situ
– look like pneumonia and can be bilateral
What is occurring with a Ground Glass Opacity?
Alveolar processes not entirely filling the alveolar sac
- part fluid and part air
What does a Ground Glass Opacity look like?
Grey hazy
What are bubble lucenies?
Airways that dilated
Bubble lucencies are concerning for?
Invasive tumors
What Carcinoma can cause Cavitation to occur?
Squamous Carcinoma
What does Resorptive Atelectasis look like?
Wedge shaped
Why are Resorptive Atelectases wedge shaped?
Due to obstruction in the airway
With a tension pneumothorax, the CXR should be taken when the patient is?
Exhaling
Why should a CXR be taken with exhalation with a tension pneumothorax?
Volume of air is fixed!
Mediastinal shift on a CXR suggests?
Tension Pneumothorax
What usually causes a Reverse BATWING appearance?
FIBROSIS
