Antifungal/Anti-TB - cardiopulm. infections Flashcards
What are 2 common invasive fungal infections?
Candida
Aspergillus
What are 2 common invasive fungal infections?
Candida
Aspergillus
MOA for Amphotericin B?
Forms pores in the fungal cell membranes
MOA for Amphotericin B?
Forms pores in the fungal cell membranes
Possible adverse effects with Amphotericin B?
GI distress
Nephrotoxicity
Electrolyte disturbances
Leukoencephalopathy
Possible adverse effects with Amphotericin B?
GI distress
Electrolyte disturbances
Nephrotoxicity
Leukoencephalopathy
MOA for “-nazoles”
- Fluconazole, Voriconazole, Itraconazole?
(-) conversion of lanosterol to Ergosterol
Which -nazole has excellent activity against yeasts but NOT molds?
Fluconazole
What is the adverse effect that is associated with all of the -nazoles?
Hepatotoxicity
When is Voriconazole used?
Invasive Aspergillosis
Fluconazole - resistant Invasive Candidiasis
What are the extra unique adverse effects associated with Voriconazole besides hepatotoxicity?
Transient vision changes
Visual hallucinations
This - nazole is also active against aspergillosis, blastomycosis and histoplasmosis
Itraconazole
What is the extra unique side effect with Itraconazole besides hepatoxicity?
Negative inotropic effects
= exacerbate/cause heart failure
What are the -nazoles that are the antifungals?
Fluconazole
Voriconazole
Itraconazole
MOA for Caspofungin and Micafungin?
(-) beta - D - glucan synthesis to weaken cell wall
MOA for Flucytosine?
Interferes with purine and pyrimidine fungal metabolism
What does Flucytosine required extreme caution with?
Patients with renal impairment
– monitor renal, hepatic and hematologic status
What are the 7 Antifungal treatments for Candida and Aspergillus?
Amphotericin B Fluconazole Voriconazole Itraconazole Caspofungin Micafungin Flucytosine
What are the 4 Anti-Tuberculosis treatments?
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
What are the 4 Anti-Tuberculosis drugs?
Isoniazid
Rifampin
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
What drugs for Tuberculosis is active against active and latent infections?
Isoniazid
Rifampin
What are the adverse effects with Isoniazid?
Hepatitis
Peripheral Neuropathy
What age group is at peak vulnerability from hepatitis due to Isoniazid for TB?
50-64
For those at an increased risk to develop peripheral neuropathy from Isoniazid for TB, what should be given to them daily?
100 mg of Pyridoxine
