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Apex > Respiratory Monitors > Flashcards

Respiratory Monitors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the calculation for airway resistance?

A
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2
Q

What is the calculation for airway compliance?

A
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3
Q

What is peak inspiratory pressure?

A

The maximum pressure in the airway during inspiration

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4
Q

What is plateau pressure?

A

The pressure in the small airways and alveoli after the set tidal volume has been administered?

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5
Q

How do you assess static compliance?

A

Using plateau pressure

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6
Q

How do you assess dynamic compliance?

A

Using PIP

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7
Q

What is happening in this picture?

A

An increase in PIP with no increase in Plateau pressure:

Resistance has increased OR
Inspiratory flow rate has increased

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8
Q

What is happening in this picture?

A

An increase in PIP AND an increase in plateau pressure

Total compliance has decreased
OR
Tidal volume has increased

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9
Q

What could cause this waveform?

A
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10
Q

What could cause this waveform?

A
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11
Q

What is happening in each phase?

A
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12
Q

An increased alpha angle signifies:

A

Expiratory obstruction:

COPD
Bronchospasm
Kinked endotracheal tube

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13
Q

An increased beta angle indiciates:

A

rebreathing due to a faulty inspiratory valve

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14
Q
A
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15
Q
A

cardiac oscillations

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16
Q
A

incompetent inspiratory valve

17
Q
A

airway obstruction

18
Q

Pulse oximetry is based on which law?

A

Beer-Lambert Law

19
Q

Pulse oximeters emit two types of light:

A

Red light (prefers deoxygenated)
Near-infrared light (prefers oxygenated)

20
Q

Order pulse oximetry sites in order from most to least sensitive:

A

Fast: ear, nose, esophagus, forehead
Middle: Finger
Slow: Toe

21
Q

What is the downside to using a central SpO2 site in trendelenberg?

A

The venous engorgement can lead to a falsely low pulse ox reading

22
Q

An SpO2 of 90% correlates with a PaO2 of:

A

60

23
Q

An SpO2 of 80% correlates with a PaO2 of:

A

50

24
Q

An SpO2 of 70% correlates with a PaO2 of:

A

40

25
Q

What is the most common method of measuring exhaled gases in the breathing circuit?

A

Infrared absorption

26
Q

Does infrared absorption detect O2 levels?

A

No. Diatomic molecules don’t absorb infrared light

27
Q

How does mass spectrometry work?

A

Bombards a gas sample with electrons, creating ion fragments.

28
Q

How does Raman Scatter Spectrometry work?

A

High power argon laser produces photons, which in turn collide with the gas molecules

29
Q

Why aren’t piezoelectric crystals used in practice?

A

They can only identify one gas, not several

30
Q
A

Apex (46 decks)

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