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Anesthesia Machine Flashcards

1
Q

The high pressure system begins at ______ and ends at _______

A

the cylinder
the cylinder regulator

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2
Q

The intermediate pressure system begins at ______ and ends at ________

A

pipeline
flowmeter VALVES

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3
Q

The low pressure system begins at ______ and ends at ________

A

Flowmeter TUBES
Common gas outlet

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4
Q

What does the low pressure leak test assess?

A

Integrity of the circuit from the flowmeters to the CGO. Requires the bulb.

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5
Q

What does the high pressure leak test assess?

A

The low pressure system AND the breathing circuit

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6
Q

The vaporizers are in the _______ system

A

low pressure

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7
Q

What are the five tasks of oxygen?

A
  1. O2 pressure alarm
  2. O2 failure device
  3. O2 flowmeter
  4. O2 flush
  5. Ventilator Drive Gas
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8
Q

What is the PISS configuration for air?

A

1,5

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9
Q

What is the PISS configuration for O2?

A

2, 5

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10
Q

What is the PISS configuration for N2O?

A

3,5

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11
Q

What is the service pressure in a nitrous tank?

A

745 psi

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12
Q

What is the service pressure in an air tank?

A

1900 psi

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13
Q

What is the service pressure in an O2 tank?

A

1900 psi

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14
Q

What is the max volume of O2 in a tank?

A

660 L

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15
Q

What is the max volume of air in a tank?

A

625 L

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16
Q

What is the max volume of nitrous in a tank?

A

1590 L

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17
Q

How do you calculate the amount of nitrous left in a tank from the PSI?

A

You can’t. You have to weigh it.

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18
Q

What are O2 tank safety relief valves?

A

Allow the cylinder to slowly empty its contents if it’s exposed to extreme temperatures

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19
Q

What are some examples of O2 safety relief valves?

A

Wood’s metal:

Bismuth
Lead
Tin
Cadmium

(BLT with Cheese)

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20
Q

The oxygen pressure failure device activates when:

A

Supply line pressure is less than 20 psi

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21
Q

The oxygen fail safe device resides in the _______ system

A

intermediate

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22
Q

The oxygen failsafe device does two things:

A
  1. Alarms when O2 pressure falls below 20 psi
  2. Shuts off Nitrous flow when O2 pressure falls below 20 psi
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23
Q

There are two times when an O2 failsafe device will allow a hypoxic mixture:

A
  1. Oxygen pipeline crossover
  2. Flowmeter Leak (it’s upstream from the flowmeter, so it won’t detect if oxygen is leaking out there)
24
Q

What is the hypoxia prevention safety device?

A

This is the one that automatically reduces nitrous when O2 is reduced.

Keeps a 3:1 ratio of nitrous to oxygen

25
When will the hypoxia prevention safety device fail to alarm?
1. Pipeline crossover 2. Leak DISTAL to the flowmeter VALVES 3. Administration of a third gas (helium) 4. Defective pneumatic parts
26
What's the difference between the oxygen pressure failure device and the hypoxia prevention safety device?
27
Which type of flowmeter float is read in the middle?
The ball All the others are read at the top
28
A traditional flowmeter is also known as:
a Thorpe tube
29
The internal diameter of a thorpe tube is:
Narrowest at the base, and widens along its ascent
30
What is the annular space in a flowmeter?
The area between the float and side wall of the tube
31
How does low vs. high flow through a flowmeter impact flow dynamics?
32
The O2 flowmeter should be positioned:
Closest to the manifold outlet. In the US, this is on the far right
33
What's the calculation for FiO2 using air and O2?
34
How do you calculate FiO2 with a nasal cannula?
The first liter is 3%
35
What is "fresh gas coupling"
When fresh gas flow is added to the set tidal volume administered, so the actual Vt i
36
What is the calculation for Vt with fresh gas coupling?
37
In machines that couple fresh gas flow, what vent changes will INCREASE Vt?
38
In machines that couple fresh gas flow, what vent changes will DECREASE Vt?
39
How do you calculate the volume lost to circuit compliance?
The compliance of the circuit x the peak pressure, then subtract that amount from the Vt
40
How does elevation effect desflurane vaporizer settings?
41
Where does the oxygen analyzer reside?
The inspiratory limb of the breathing circuit
42
How do galvanic fuel cell oxygen analyzers work?
43
How do paramagnetic oxygen analyzers work?
44
What should you do when the oxygen analyzer alarm goes off?
ASSUME THERE IS A PIPELINE CROSSOVER Disconnect the pipeline and open the O2 tank
45
Pressing the O2 flush valve exposes the circuit to a flow of _________
35-75 L/min
46
Pressing the O2 flush valves exposes the circuit to a pressure of __________
Pipeline pressure... ~ 50 psi
47
What two functions does the drive gas perform in a pneumatic ventilator?
1. Compresses the bellows 2. Opens and closes the ventilator spill valve
48
What is the position of the ventilator spill valve during inspiration?
Closed Ensures the tidal volume goes to the patient and not the scavenging system
49
What are two complications caused by overuse of the O2 flush valve?
Barotrauma Awakening
50
Why are ascending bellows considered safer?
Because descending bellows continue to rise and fall even if there is a circuit disconnect
51
A leak in the bellows can cause:
Barotrauma A decrease in inspired anesthetic concentration
52
What are the benefits of using calcium hydroxide rather than soda lime?
No CO production No Compound A production Lower fire risk
53
What are the drawbacks to using calcium hydroxide?
Lower absorption capacity More frequent replacement Higher cost
54
According to OSHA, nitrous oxide levels in the air should be less than:
25 ppm when administered alone
55
According to OSHA, halogenated anesthetic levels should be less than:
2ppm if administered alone 0.5ppm if administered with nitrous oxide
56

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