Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Respiration > Flashcards

Respiration Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the word and chemical equation for respiration?

A

glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)

C6H1206 + 602 —> 6C02 + 6H2O (+ ATP energy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Write a short description of how the experiment works and how it demonstrates C02 production. (Soda lime absorbs carbon dioxide. An aspirator is a suction pump)

A

If there is C02 at A the soda lime absorbs it. This is proven at B as the limewater would not turn cloudy indicating the C02 had been absorbed at A.

No carbon dioxide enters C but the germinating seeds give out C02. This is proven at D as the lime water would turn cloudy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Write a short description of how the experiment works and how it demonstrated energy release.

A

Germinating seeds are alive, boiled seeds are dead

They produce carbon dioxide when alive

The apparatus is left for a couple of days and then the temprature of each flask is measured

The germinating seeds have a temprature of 240 - thermal energy has been increased, respiration has occured

The boiled seeds are still 210, they must be used to prove that they do not respire. They are used to compare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which cells would you expect to have a lot of mitochondria

A

muscle or nerve cells

they use a lot of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does a mitochondrion look like?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where are the enzymes involved in respiration attached to on a mitachondria

A

to the inner membrane of the mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is the membrane on a mitachondrion adapted so that the rate of respiration is high?

A

the inner membrane is folded so it then has a large surface area which allows for more enzymes to be attached so there is more respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

does the breathing rate increase or decrease after exercise?

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

does the depth of breaths increase or decrease after exercise?

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

does the heart rate increase or decrease after exercise?

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what increases after doing exercise?

A

breathing rate

depth of breath

heart rate

body temprature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

does the body temprature increase or decrease after exercise?

A

increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why does the breathing rate, depth of breath, heart rate and body temprature increase during exercise?

A

more energy for muscle contraction

you need more oxygen for the muscle cells to respire

need to get rid of C02

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

why does heart rate change during exercise?

A

the heart needs to pump more oxygen and glucose to the muscles for respiration

more energy for mucle (heart contraction)

oxygenated blood pumped around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what happens to the amount of blood pumped out by the heart after taking regular exercise over a period of time?

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens to the heart volume after taking regular exercise over a period of time?

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what happens to the breathing rate by the heart after taking regular exercise over a period of time?

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what happens to the pulse rate after taking regular exercise over a period of time?

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What decreases after taking regular exersise over a period of time

A

breathing rate

pulse rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What increases after taking regular exersise over a period of time

A

heart volume

amount of blood pumped out by the heart

21
Q

Why do breathing and pulse rates drop after taking regular exercise over a period of time?

A

the person is fitter so their lungs and hearts have expanded so they require less breath and their pulse rates don’t need to be so fast

22
Q

What affects do you feel after holding your hand up high and clenching your fist fifty times?

A

fatigue (muscle fatigue) - lactic acid is changing the pH levels in enzymes so they enzymes can’t work as well

tiredness

achy

23
Q

what is the word and chemical equation for anaerobic respiration?

A

glucose —> lactic acid + energy

C6H12O6 —> 2C3H6O3+ 2 ATP

(don’t need to know numbers of ATP)

24
Q

when you finish exercise do you start to respire anaerobically or aerobically?

A

aerobically

25
Q

what happens when you stop exercising?

A

you breath more deeply trying to get more oxygen so that your muscles can have more ATP energy

lactic acid + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + 17 ATP energy

aerobic respiration begins immediately after you stop exercising

26
Q

what is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic?

A

anaerobic = muslces respire - no oxygen

aerobic = oxygen is present

27
Q

what is oxygen debt?

A

the volume of oxygen needed to completely oxidise the lactic acid that builds up in the body during anaerobic respiration

28
Q

when is oxygen debt repaid?

A

when all of the lactic acid has been metabolised (broken down)

completely repaid at 18 mins of the diagram

starts to be repaid at 7 mins on the diagram (immediately after exercise)

29
Q

what is the word and chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast?

A

glucose —> carbon dioxide + ethanol + energy

C6H1206 —> 2C02 + 2C2H5OH + 2ATP

(don’t need to know ATP numbers)

30
Q

what does C02 do to the bread?

A

makes the holes in the bread

31
Q

what happens to the enzymes when making bread?

A

they become denatured in the oven due to high tempratures

32
Q

what happens to the alcohol when making bread?

A

it is burnt off

33
Q

what is the importance of yeast’s respiration when making bread?

A

C02 makes the bread rise and also creates air pcokets in the bread

34
Q

what is the importance of yeast’s respiration when making beer and wine?

A

if you starve yeast of oxygen (anaerobic) then it will produce alcohol

35
Q

what is a substrate?

A

a substance on which enzymes act

36
Q

explain how starch provides the sugar C6H12O6

A

starch breaks down to form maltose/maltase

37
Q

energy is …… in respiration

A

released

38
Q

which protein is oxygen attached to?

A

haemoglobin

39
Q

how does oxygen move from the blood to the body?

A

it diffuses

40
Q

estimate how much water is made during respiration by a person in a day

A

1 litre

41
Q

name a process that germinating seeds require energy for respiration to do

A

protein synthesis

enzyme synthesis (e.g. amylase)

DNA synthesis; active transport

mitosis

42
Q

what do boiling seeds do and how do they do this?

A

kills enzymes by denaturing them

43
Q

name the organelle where aerobic respiration takes place

roughly sketch one of these organelles

A

mitochondrion

44
Q

is carbon dioxide given off in anaerobic respiration and why?

A

no

glucose is converted into lactic acid so there is no carbon left to make carbon dioxide

45
Q

why do muscle cells ‘prefer’ to use aerobic respiration?

A

more energy is released

46
Q

do a marathon runner or a sprint runner’s muscles repsire mostly anaerobically when running?

why?

A

sprint runner

he is repsiring anaerobically at a very fast rate

the marathon runner must do more aerobic respiration over a period of time

47
Q

what is anerobic respiration in yeast used for?

A

carbon dioxide for air pockets in bread and to cause bread to rise

alcohol

48
Q

what does it mean if a protein is denatured?

A

it’s structure and function is altered

this can be caused by heat, pH levels or chemical agents

Biology (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions