Research Methods

Question 1

Research that deals with objectively measurable data.

Answer 1

Quantitative Research

Question 2

Research that focuses on non-numerical data, such as subjective experiences, feelings, or beliefs. It also focuses on the how and why of behavior. It more commonly involves nonnumerical (verbal or pictorial) descriptions of participants’ subjective understanding, feelings, or beliefs about their experiences.

Answer 2

Qualitative Research

Question 3

The goal of qualitative research is to understand the____ of the event.

Answer 3

“story”

Question 4

Quantitative research often is done in________while qualitative research typically is conducted in_______

Answer 4

controlled laboratory settings
everyday settings, such as the home or school.

Question 5

The entire pool of individuals under study from which a sample is drawn and to which findings may apply.

Answer 5

Population

Question 6

It is a group of participants chosen to represent the entire population under study.

Answer 6

Sample

Question 7

It is a way of selecting a sample in such a way that each person in a population has an equal and independent chance of being chosen.

Answer 7

random selection

Question 8

A sample of individuals is chosen in such a way that every individual in the population has an equal and independent chance of being chosen.

Answer 8

random sample

Question 9

Define the Acronym WEIRD

Answer 9

Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic

Question 10

It is the type of society from which research samples are typically drawn and this makes it difficult to determine if psychological findings are universal

Answer 10

Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD)

Question 11

It is a form of data collection where a diary, visual reports, interview, or questionnaire is used. Participants are asked about some aspect of their lives; questioning may be highly structured or more flexible; it may be verbal or visual.

Answer 11

Self-Report:

Question 12

It is a form of data collection where people are observed in their normal setting, with no attempt to manipulate behavior. It is more practical and its application is almost instinctual

Answer 12

Naturalistic observation

Question 13

Participants are observed in the laboratory, with no attempt to manipulate behavior. A controlled setting where many of the complex factors of the “real world” are absent.

Answer 13

Laboratory Observation

Question 14

Laboratory Observation is low in ____ kasi masyado itong malinis. Ang development kasi is messy but hight lab ob is high in internal validity

Answer 14

generalization

Question 15

This effect is present in laboratory observation because subjects of an experimental study, change or improve their behavior because it is being studied.

Answer 15

Hawthorne effect

Question 16

It is defined as any expectations, beliefs, or personal preferences of a researcher that unintentionally influence their findings

Answer 16

observer bias

Question 17

_______can examine a question in great depth and detail, and the research framework can readily be revised in the light of new data.

Answer 17

Qualitative research

Question 18

The findings of qualitative research can be a rich source ______

Answer 18

of insights into attitudes and behavior.

Question 19

Because samples are often small and usually not random, results of this type of research are less generalizable and replicable

Answer 19

Qualitative research

Question 20

It is the best and quickest way to get information about people

Answer 20

Survey and interview

Question 21

_____tends to participant answer questions in a way that they think is socially acceptable or desirable rather than to say what they truly think or feel

Answer 21

self-report/survey and interview

Question 22

It allows a person’s performance to be compared with that of other individuals; thus it provides information about individual differences among people

Answer 22

Standardized Tests

Question 23

The criticism of these tests is that they assume a person’s behavior is consistent and stable, yet personality and intelligence- two primary targets of these tests vary with the situation

Answer 23

standardized tests

Question 24

Mas rigorous yung pagka develop sa______kaya mas maganda yung data na na-ga-gather nito.

Answer 24

standardized test

Question 25

It is preferred to use than the standardized test when the researcher wants to elaborate on data and to get data about the whole life of a participant

Answer 25

survey and interview

Question 26

These tests are fit to use in data reduction especially if you are concerned with some psychological variables such as personality and intelligence.

Answer 26

Standardized tests

Question 27

In-depth study of single/Individual ginagawa sa special cases

Answer 27

Case-studies

Question 28

______it is a research design that is performed mainly by mental health professionals when, for either practical or ethical reasons, the unique aspects of an individual's life cannot be duplicated and tested in other individuals.

Answer 28

Case studies

Question 29

In-depth study of a culture or subculture

Answer 29

Ethnography Study

Question 30

Can help overcome culturally based biases in theory and research; can test the universality of developmental phenomena that were solely based in Western cultures

Answer 30

Ethnography Study

Question 31

A research design that aims to observe and record behavior. It's very straightforward. Kuhain lang yung data and describe lang sila based sa mga nakuhang data. Maraming variables but they are isolated from each other unlike in correlation, the researcher will find the relationship between variables

Answer 31

Descriptive Research

Question 32

It is a research design that provides information that will help us to predict how people will behave by measuring the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics

Answer 32

Correlation

Question 33

Correlations are reported as numbers ranging from −1.0 (a perfect negative relationship) to +1.0 (a perfect positive relationship). Perfect correlations are rare. The closer a correlation comes to _____the stronger the relationship, either positive or negative. A correlation of ____ means that the variables have no relationship

Answer 33

+1.0 or −1.0, zero

Question 34

This research design is concerned with the relationship of variables but they do not establish cause and effect

Answer 34

correlation

Question 35

What is the difference between correlation and experimental?

Answer 35

In experimental there is manipulation while there is no manipulation in correlation.

Question 36

It is a research design where a controlled procedure is conducted in a laboratory or the field in which an independent variable is manipulated to determine its effect on a dependent variable

Answer 36

Experiment

Question 37

It is a research design that establishes cause-and-effect relationships; is highly controlled and can be repeated by another Investigator

Answer 37

Experiment

Question 38

It is a way to conduct an experiment that consists of people who are to be exposed to experimental manipulation or treatment—the phenomenon the researcher wants to study. Afterward, the effect of the treatment will be measured one or more times to find out what changes, if any, it caused.

Answer 38

experimental group

Question 39

It is a way to conduct an experiment that consists of people who are similar to the experimental group but do not receive the experimental treatment or may receive a different treatment. An experiment may include one or more of each type of group.

Answer 39

control group

Question 40

It ensures objectivity, In some experiments, particularly in medical research, in which neither participants nor experimenters know who is receiving the treatment and who is instead receiving an inert placebo or is in the control condition.

Answer 40

double-blind procedures

Question 41

It is important, when conducting research, to define exactly what is to be measured in a way that other researchers can replicate, or reproduce. This is the term that defines the definition stated solely in terms of the operations used to measure a phenomenon in research

Answer 41

operational definition

Question 42

A procedure in an experiment in which they assign the participants to groups in such a way that each person has an equal chance of being placed in any group. This helps to confirm if the independent variable was the cause of the changes in behavior and not another extraneous variable.

Answer 42

random assignment

Question 43

it is a type of experiment where a controlled study is conducted in an everyday setting, such as a home or school. Variables can still be manipulated, so causal claims can still be investigated. Because the experiments occur in the real world, there is more confidence that the behaviors that are seen are generalizable to natural behaviors.

Answer 43

field experiment

Question 44

This type of experiment result can be generalized as it is conducted in natural settings. However, researchers have less control over events that may occur; the real world is often messy, and things do not always go as planned

Answer 44

field experiment

Question 45

It utilizes aspects of qualitative as well as quantitative techniques. It does not study random samplings of a population but instead looks for causal relationships among variables.

Answer 45

Quasi-experimental research

Question 46

It is a type of experiment, despite its name, is a correlational study because controlled manipulation of variables and random assignment to treatment groups are not possible

Answer 46

natural experiment

Question 47

It is a type of Developmental research designed to assess age-related differences, in which people of different ages are assessed on one occasion.

Answer 47

Cross-Sectional

Question 48

What developmental research should be used when determining the reading comprehension of 5-year-old 8-year-old, and 11 years old Filipinos? The groups can be compared for a variety of dependent variables: IQ, memory, and peer relations.

Answer 48

Cross-Sectional

Question 49

It is a type of developmental research which is subject to cohort effects

Answer 49

Cross-Sectional

Question 50

In cross-sectional research,______ can powerfully affect the dependent measures in the study ostensibly concerned with age.

Answer 50

Cohort effects

Question 51

It is a type of developmental research that tracks people over time and focuses on individuals with age; the researchers study the same group more than once over time.

Answer 51

Longitudinal

Question 52

This type of developmental research is preferred by developmental researchers as this method able to track people over time

Answer 52

Longitudinal

Question 53

It is a type of developmental research where the process will help to know whether changes occur with age and it cancels cohort effects. The result of this type of research applies to the age range being studied which is why it is preferred by most developmental researchers

Answer 53

Longitudinal

Question 54

This kind of developmental research provides a wealth of information about vital issues such as stability and change in development and the importance of early experience for later development.

Answer 54

Longitudinal

Question 55

This type of developmental research is prone to attrition and cross-generation effect

Answer 55

Longitudinal

Question 56

It is the ideal developmental research as it minimizes the drawbacks of the separate approaches

Answer 56

Sequential

Question 57

It is a type of developmental research that allows researchers to separate age-related changes from cohort effects and provides a more complete picture of development than would be possible with either design alone

Answer 57

Sequential

Question 58

It is a type of developmental research which time-consuming, too complex, and costly.

Answer 58

Sequential