Diagnostic Exam Ratio (Ms. Gabrielle) Flashcards
A type of twins where fetuses share 1 placenta
Monozygotic or identical twins
A chromosomal abnormality where a child has 3 pairs of chromosomes in their 21st pair of chromosomes
Down syndrome
An extra X chromosome that causes physical abnormalities in men. Their sex assigned at birth is men but they have feminine features
Klinefelter syndrome (XXY)
An abnormality in the X chromosomes can cause intellectual disability, learning disability, and short attention span
Fragile X Syndrome
A missing X chromosome in females can cause intellectual disability and sexual underdevelopment
Turner Syndrome (XO)
An extra chromosome Y can cause above-average height
XYY syndrome(Jacob’s Syndrome)
It means “quick birth”. It is also called the love hormone and plays an important role in reproduction, feelings of attraction, and bonding with our babies.
Oxytocin
What vitamin is crucial in preventing major birth defects of the brain (e.g., anencephaly) and spine (e.g., spina bifida)
Folic Acid
fetus’ age of viability (able to live outside the mother’s womb) starts as early as
22 weeks or 5 months
During childbirth, After the head appears (crowns), the baby passes through the_____
vagina
What are the stages of Childbirth?
Stage 1—Dilation of Cervix
Stage 2—Descent and Emergence of the Baby
Stage 3— Expulsion of Placenta
The shortest stage of the childbirth is____
Stage 3 Expulsion of Placenta
is widely used to assess the health of newborns at one and five minutes after birth.
APGRAR scale
What is the meaning of the acronym APGAR?
Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration
a condition that occurs when infants stop breathing, usually during the night, and die suddenly without any apparent reason.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
It is caused by the Clostridium botulinum bacteria, which live in soil and dust. It can cause muscle weakness, with signs like poor sucking, a weak cry, constipation, and decreased muscle tone (floppiness).
Infant botulism
Why babies younger than 1 year old should never be given honey or any processed foods that contain honey (like honey graham crackers).
because this may contain Clostridium botulinum bacteria, harmless to older kids and adults. Their mature digestive systems can move the toxins through the body before they cause harm.
It involves vowel-like sounds such as ‘oooooh’ and ‘aaaaah’. Babies around 6-8 weeks do that when they are content and often in response to being spoken to in a happy voice.
cooing
Infants enter a period of _______ between about 4 and 6 months, repeating consonant-vowel combinations such as ‘baba’ or ‘dadadada’,
babbling
Children sometimes overextend the rules to words that are exceptions-a type of error called ______“My toy car breaked” and “We each got two foots” are expressions that appear between ages 2 and 3
overregularization
It often includes behaviors such as rocking, hand-flapping, jumping, or repetitive speech and is not something exclusive to those with autism.
STIMMING
A type of skills that involve the muscles of the fingers, hands, and wrists, and, to a lesser extent, toes, feet, and ankles. It helps develop dexterity (skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands.) precision and control
FINE MOTOR SKILLS
A type of skill that involves large muscles and whole body or limb movements. It helps develop balance, coordination, and strength
GROSS MOTOR SKILLS
It involves building schemes through direct interaction with the environment.
It consists of two complementary activities, assimilation and accommodation.
Adaptation
we use our current schemes to interpret new experiences in the external world. It also involves extending the existing grasping scheme to new objects illustrating ______
assimilation
In _______, we create new schemes or adjust/modify old ones after noticing that our current ways of thinking do not capture the environment completely
accommodation,
.One major view of Freud was that the personality of an individual is developed in the first _____ years of one’s life and after that, you only live with it and play within its constraints.
6 years
The theory of this person is centered on our internal relationships with others. According to this person’s theory, our lifelong relationship skills are strongly rooted in our early attachments with our parents, especially our mothers.
Melanie Klein’s Object Relations
According to Melanie Klein, our personality develops in our early attachments with our parents, especially our mothers during the first_____months after birth.
4 to 6
A Pattern of attachment in which an infant readily separates from the parent seeks proximity when stressed, and uses the parent as a safe base for exploration.
Secure
A pattern of attachment in which an infant avoids contact with the parent and shows no preference for the parent over other people
Anxious-avoidant/Dismissive
The child shows little exploration and is wary of strangers. Greatly upset when separated from their mother, but not reassured by their mother’s return or her efforts at comforting them. The child both seeks and avoids contact at different times. May show anger toward mother at reunion, and resists both comfort from and contact with strangers. (nangyayari kapag inconsistent si caregiver)
Anxious-Ambivalent/Resistant
a pattern of attachment in which an infant seems confused or apprehensive and shows contradictory behavior, such as moving toward the mother while looking away from her. Also known as fearful-avoidant. Most of these children ay distressed or naka experience ng abuse and mistreatment
Disorganized/disoriented
It is a type of Bartholomew’s Two-dimensional model of attachment where a person is comfortable with intimacy and autonomy in close relationships (i.e healthy boundaries, mutual trust, and support)
secure
It is a type of Bartholomew’s Two-dimensional model of attachment where a person is compulsively self-reliant, distant in relationships, and downplays the importance of intimate relationship
Anxious-Avoidant/Dismissive
