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Developmental Psychology > COGNITIVE > Flashcards

COGNITIVE Flashcards

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1
Q

This theory is regarded as a cornerstone in the field of developmental psychology

A

Cognitive Development Theory

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2
Q

This person developed a theory of cognitive development by observing his own children’s behavior on certain tasks during infancy and childhood.

A

Jean Piaget

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3
Q

This activity will help children to develop a more accurate picture of their surroundings and greater competence in dealing with them

A

By interacting with the environment

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4
Q

it is the building block of knowledge.

A

schema

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5
Q

ways of organizing information about the world. It is the internal reprsentation sa isang bagay or prior knowledge

A

schema

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6
Q

It is the concept under Piaget where it it defines as the collection of categories of how the world works

A

schema

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7
Q

It is a cognitive growth process where a child creates categories of schemas

A

Organization

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8
Q

It is Piaget’s term for how children handle new information in light of what they already know

A

Adaptation

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9
Q

It is one of the complementary processes of adaptation where the child fits new experience into prior knowledge
EX: My nephew, Marc, thinks that I am his mother too because his mom and I have the same body features.

A

Assimilation

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10
Q

Process kung saan napag iisa ng bata yung alam niyang schema sa currently na schema na nakita nya

A

Assimilation

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11
Q

It is a conflict created when new situations cannot be assimilated. i.e an existing schema is unable to handle environmental demand leads to Accommodation

A

Disequilibrium

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12
Q

This happens with the new experience of the child, malalaman nya na separate or magkaiba ito sa alam niyang schema. In this process modifying na ito ng maling schema

Example: Ate Andrea will say, “No, Marc she’s not your mother, she’s your rich tita”.

A

Accommodation

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13
Q

This is the process of balancing assimilation and accomadation to create schemes that fit the environment. This is a proper balance at naitama yung kaalaman ng bata

A

Equilibration

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14
Q

This is a stage of cognitive development and during this stage, babies develop their first schemas using their SENSES kaya imporante na wag natin silang ilapit sa mga bagay bagay-bagay especially sa sharp objects dahil ma-aad pa lang sa schema nila na nakaksugat ang kutsilyo kapag nagamit na nila yung senses nila.

A

Sensorimotor stage

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15
Q

This is the ability of the baby when they can know that the object still exists even out of sight

A

Object permanence

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16
Q

In this stage of cognitive development, the child develops a representation system and uses symbols: imitation, symbolic, and mental imagery

A

Preoperational Stage

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17
Q

In this stage of Cognitive development, they are not capable of conservation of object

A

Preoperational stage

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18
Q

It is a type of symbolic function of a child in the preoperational stage, where the child has a belief that inanimate objects have human feelings and intentions

A

Animism

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19
Q

It is a type of symbolic function of a child in the preoperational stage where the child is unable to see a situation from another POV, not because they are selfish but because they just can’t understand the POV of other people

A

Egocentrism

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20
Q

It is a type of intuitive function of a child in the preoperational stage where the child is focusing only on the salient aspect of a situation and neglects possible relevant events

A

Centration

21
Q

It is a type of intuitive function of a child in the preoperational stage where the child is unable to understand that quantities remain constant even when they change shape

A

Lack of Conservation

22
Q

This is the stage of cognitive development where a child can solve problems logically about concrete events only

A

Concrete Operational

23
Q

This is the stage of cognitive development where the child understands the principle of conservation or the principle that irrelevant changes in the external appearance of the objects do not affect the object’s quantity.

A

Concrete Operational

24
Q

Enumerate the advances of a child in the Concrete operational stage

A

spatial thinking, categorization, seriation, number&mathematics

25
Q

In this stage of cognitive development, a person can think abstractly, deal with hypothetical situations, and think about possibilities

A

Formal Operational Stage

26
Q

In this stage of cognitive development, a person is capable of symbolic abstractions of algebra, literary criticism, and the use of metaphor in literature

A

Formal Operational Stage

27
Q

The Russian psychologist________ focused on the social and cultural processes that guide children’s cognitive development in his sociocultural theory.

A

Lev Semenovich Vygotsky

28
Q

In this theory pino-point out na malaki ang influence ng mga socialization ng mga bata sa mga taong skilled para sa development ng bata sa cognitive at mga ability nito.

A

Socio-Cultural Theory

29
Q

Vygotsky’s theory of how contextual factors affect children’s development through _____ such as media, books, people, and the internet

A

culture

30
Q

According to Socio-cultural theory, people learn through_____

A

social interaction

31
Q

According to Socio-cultural theory, ______ helps children internalize their society’s modes of thinking and behaving

A

Shared activities

32
Q

________is not merely an expression of knowledge but an essential tool for learning and thinking about the world.

A

Language

33
Q

According to Vygotsky,_____ or _____must help direct and organize a child’s learning.

A

adults or more advanced peers

34
Q

According to Vygotsky, guidance is most effective in helping children cross the_______

A

zone of proximal development (ZPD)

35
Q

In socio-cultural theory, It is the gap between what they are already able to do by themselves and what they can accomplish with assistance

A

zone of proximal development (ZPD

36
Q

In socio-cultural theory, Ito yung temporary guide ng mga adult sa mga bata para magawa nila yung task at makalampas sila sa Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) papunta Zone of actual development (ZAD). Guidance and assistance lang ang ginagawa hindi yung buong task ng bata.

A

Scaffolding

37
Q

Read the situation and define what process is this in Socio-cultural theory.
Yung pag guide sa bata na iopen yung jar. Parang ipapakita mo at igaguide sila. Kapag nagawa nila yung pag-open with your help nasa ZPD na sila. After ilang days nakita mo na nabuksan niya na ito without assistance, ibigsabihin ay nalampasan nya na yung ZPD at nasa ZAD na siya.

A

Scaffolding

38
Q

Vygotsky believed that ___often occurs in the ZPD, pushing children’s abilities to their limits.

A

play

39
Q

Who is the theorist who has the idea that intelligence tests might allow testers to offer hints to children who are having trouble answering a question, thereby focusing on that child’s potential learning?

Yung pag measure ng intelligence ay sa pag guide sa mga bata if kaya nilang masagutan yung mas advance with guidance of more advance person. Kapag adavnce yung natutunan nila, mas advance yung intelligence nila

A

Vygotskian tradition/ Vygotsky

40
Q

seeks to explain cognitive development by analyzing the processes involved in making sense of incoming information and performing tasks effectively.
Such processes as attention, memory, planning, strategies, decision-making, and goal-setting

A

information-processing approach

41
Q

Some information-processing theorists compare the brain to a _____

A

computer

42
Q

It is also called certain outputs in the information processing approach

A

sensory impressions

43
Q

It is also called certain outputs in the information processing approach

A

behavior

44
Q

They are interested in what happens in the middle. Why does the same input sometimes result in different outputs?

A

Information-processing theorists

45
Q

They have developed computational models or flowcharts that analyze the specific steps people go through in gathering, storing, retrieving, and using information.

A

some information-processing researchers

46
Q

information-processing theorists view development as

A

continuous

47
Q

This approach notes age-related increases in the speed, complexity, and efficiency of mental processing and in
the variety of material that can be stored in memory

A

information-processing approach

48
Q

This approach can be used by assessing certain
aspects of infant information processing, researchers can estimate an infant’s later intelligence. It enables parents and teachers to help children learn by making them more aware of their mental processes and of strategies to enhance them.

A

information processing approach

49
Q

Psychologists often use________models to test, diagnose, and treat learning problems

A

information-processing

Developmental Psychology (21 decks)

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