EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE

Question 1

This perspective focuses on the evolutionary and biological bases of behavior

Answer 1

evolutionary/sociobiological perspective

Question 2

It draws on findings of anthropology, ecology, and evolutionary psychology to explain the adaptive behavior, or survival, value of behavior for an individual species

Answer 2

evolutionary/sociobiological perspective

Question 3

It focuses on the evolutionary and biological bases of behavior. Influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution, it draws on findings of anthropology, ecology, genetics, ethology, and evolutionary psychology to explain the adaptive, or survival, value of behavior for an individual or species.

Answer 3

evolutionary/sociobiological perspective

Question 4

some organisms, because of their particular characteristics, will survive and hence ____ at higher rates than others. Their particular traits, then, will be passed on to their descendants in higher proportions, while characteristics of organisms that are________ will not.

Answer 4

reproduce

not as well suited to the environment

Question 5

It is a phenomenon wherein traits that are useful for survival and reproduction are selected to remain in nature

Answer 5

Natural Selection

Question 6

This happens to an organism when there is reproductive success. Individuals with more adaptive traits pass on more of those traits to future generations. In this way, “fit” characteristics are selected to be passed on, and others die out.

Example: these traits can be physical (such as a tiger’s stripes, which allow it to blend into the background), behavioral (such as the mating dances of many species of birds), or psychological (such as a baby monkey’s need to cling to and cuddle a warm soft body).

Answer 6

Survival of the fittest

Question 7

What is the term for the study of the adaptive behaviors of animal species in natural contexts?

Answer 7

Ethology

Question 8

They compare animals to different species and seek to identify which behaviors are universal and which are specific to a particular species or modifiable by experience

Answer 8

Ethologists

Question 9

They focus on humans and apply Darwinian principles to human behavior.

Answer 9

evolutionary psychologists

Question 10

The psychological products of natural selection in humans are known as______. In this term, our brains have evolved to find certain faces and body types as attractive, to strive for dominance, and to perceive babies as cute because these propensities addressed the adaptive problems of mate selection, access to resources, and survival of young

Answer 10

cognitive adaptations.