Reproductive system in boars Flashcards
Prepubertal development and puberty
Testes fully descended at birth
Cryptorchidism heritable
Juvenile penis lacks sigmoid flexure and attached to prepuce by frenulum
Sperm production
Based on sertoli cell # that proliferate @ birth- 1 month and 3-4 months
In epididymus @ 4.5 months
Adequate ejaculation and libido after __________
5 months
Boar spermatogenesis
38 days in spermatogenic cycle
12 days in epididymal transit
What should you look for in a PE to prevent breeding?
Locomotion (OCD and DJD)- lameness
Atrophic rhinitis (nasal discharge)
Parasites
What infectious diseases should you test for before breeding?
Aujeszky’s disease virus, Brucella suis, PRRSV, SIV, TDEV, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, leptospirosis
Examination of the external genitalia
Testicular palpation and measurement
Palpation of penis and sigmoid flexure
Evaluation of prepuce and preputial diverticulum
Examination of nipples
Different forms if semen collection
Double glove (vinyl) hand technique
Artificial vagina
Electroejaculation
after 2-4 days of sexual rest
Pre-ejaculate
Prostatic and seminal vesicles fluid (5-15 mL and clear)
What is gel fraction produced by?
Bulbourethral glands
Semen volume
Creamy
100-300 ml in young boar
500 in adult boars
Semen evaluation
Milky (average)
Progressive motility
Over 70-80% good
Sperm processing for AI
Boar needs to be trained to the phantom
Use of boar pheromones
PGF2a use pre-collection
2 collection/ week
Semen collection frequency
< 8 months: once every 7-10 days
8-10 months: once every 7 dys
10-12 months: up to 3 times in 14 days (every 4-5 days)
12+: twice a week
AI dose
80 ml of semen/dose
Semen storage
1 billion spermatozoa or more for everyday in storage
Stored @ 15-18 C in continuous agitation
Dose (N) calculation
N = V x spz/ml x mot x norm / DMI
Spz/ml= spermatozoi per ml
Mot= motility
Norm = normal morphology
DMI= minimum insemination dose
Frozen semen
Less than 1% of all inseminations
20% or more lower than fresh or cooled semen
Reasons for poor quality of frozen sperm
Sperm don’t survive cold shock because neither egg yolk or milk proteins protect the cells
Glycerol best cryoprotectant for boar semen but it’s toxic for cells
Have low cholesterol/ phospholipids ratio of their membrane
Diverticulectomy steps
- General anesthesia
- Place in lateral recumbency
- Evacuate preputial fluid
- Instill dilute iodine solution into the preputial diverticulum
- 5-8 cm incision on the dorsolateral aspect of the prepuce
- Dissection through skin, adipose tissue, and cranial preputial muscle layer
- Blunt dissection of both sacs of the diverticulum using gauze squares to free it from surrounding CT
- Identify the neck of the diverticulum
- Place a purse string suture around the neck of the diverticulum
- Don’t tie off until it’s grasped with Allis forceps and inverted out the preputial orifice
- Tie the knot and close the incision with a 2-layer continuous suture pattern
