Camelid Therio: Male Flashcards
Anatomy of the male reproductive system
No seminal vesicles
Testes small in the perineal region
Sigmoid flexure cranial to the scrotum
When do male camelids reach puberty
Free from prepuce @ 2 yrs
Spermatogenesis 18 mon
Breeding age 2-3 yrs
When do they reach sexual maturity
4-5 yrs
Possible congenital/ hereditary conditions
Heart murmurs
Crooked tails (won’t be registered), polydactyla, syndactyla, blue eyes
Signs of contagious diseases
Mange*
Cornybacterium pseudotuberculosis abscessses
Resp. viral diseases (coronavirus, BVDV)
Prepuce
Directed caudally in abscence of erection
Abnormalities: skin lesions (mange), swelling and prolapse
Penis examination
Complaints (anesthesia/ sedation): severe swelling, paraphimosis (skin can’t move back up), phimosis (can’t be pulled down), abnormal preputial discharge, presistant frenulum
Scrotal/ testicular examination
Scrotum (trauma, lesions/ dermatitis, edema)
Testes (presence @ birth, symmetry)
Testes palpation (freely movable form scrotum, smooth surface)
Testicular measurements
Length x width (cm) for llamas and alpacas
Testicular ultrasound
Lesions not always palpable
Normal: homogenous parenchyma, hyperechoic rate testis (mediastinum tests)
Semen collection
Post coital aspiration (easy, need receptive female)***
Electroejaculation (gen anesthesia and skills)
Artificial vagina (need training of animal)
Semen evaluation (motility)
Oscillatory movement before liquefaction
Progressive motility after liquefaction
How is semen liquified?
With enzymatic treatment of papain and collagenase
What makes semen evaluation difficult?
Viscosity
Common emergencies
Preputial swelling or scrotal/ testicular enlargement
