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Reproduction Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Oviduct (Fallopian tube)

A

Eggs travel along this tube on the way to the uterus

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2
Q

Ovary

A

Eggs (ova) are made, stored and released in here

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3
Q

Cervix

A

This is a narrow opening between the vagina and uterus

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4
Q

Lining of the uterus

A

This thickens every month in order to receive a fertilised egg

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5
Q

The vagina

A

Speed enter the body here

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6
Q

Penis

A

Fills with blood and becomes erect before sexual intercourse - to help pass sperm into vagina

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7
Q

Testicle

A

Sperm are made here

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8
Q

Scrotum

A

Holds the testicles outside the body to keep sperm cool

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9
Q

Sperm duct

A

Sperm travel along this on the way to the urethra

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10
Q

Glands

A

These make and add fluid to to the sperm which give them energy to swim

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11
Q

Urethra

A

Sperm leave the body through this tube

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12
Q

Semen

A

Sperm + fluid

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13
Q

Qualities of sperm

A

Streamlined shape - to easily and quickly glide to the egg
Tail - to help it swim towards the egg
Enzymes - to fight the egg shield
Nucleus - contains the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

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14
Q

What is puberty?

A

The time when children’s bodies change and their reproductive system becomes fully working

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15
Q

What happens in puberty?

A

Chemicals called hormones make puberty start
For girls, their hormone (oestrogen) is made in the ovaries
For boys, their hormone (testosterone) is made in the testicles

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16
Q

What is the hormone for GIRLS and where is it made?

A

Oestrogen - made in the ovaries

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17
Q

What is the hormone for BOYS and where is it made?

A

Testosterone - made in the testicles

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18
Q

When does the height spurt in most girls end?

A

Around 14

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19
Q

When does the height spurt in most boys end?

A

Around 16

20
Q

When does the growth of the penis start in most boys?

A

Around 12

21
Q

What takes longest to develop in girls?

A

Breast

22
Q

What takes least time to develop in boys?

A

Penis

23
Q

What gender starts puberty first?

A

Girls

24
Q

What changes do girls go through?

A

Breast develop, period, hips widen

25
Q

What changes do boys go through?

A

Voice breaks, broad shoulders, facial hair, erection, penis grows, testes grow

26
Q

What changes do boys and girls go through that are very similar?

A

Pimples, armpit hair grows, pubic hair, grow taller, hormones, feelings

27
Q

What happens during the menstrual cycle?

A

Abdominal cramps, sickness, big mood swings, bloating, food craving

28
Q

What are the three hormones in the menstrual cycle?

A

FSH, LH, Oestrogen

29
Q

Describe the hormone FSH

A

It is made in the pituitary gland. It causes an egg to mature in the ovary. Also, it stimulates the ovaries to release the hormone oestrogen

30
Q

Describe the hormone oestrogen

A

It is made in the ovaries. It stops FSH being produced - so that only one egg matures in a cycles. It also stimulates the pituitary gland to release the hormone LH

31
Q

Describe the hormone LH

A

Causes the mature egg to be released from the ovary

32
Q

What is the main reason for sex?

A

To reproduce

33
Q

What does the amniotic fluid do?

A

Protects the foetus and gives it room

34
Q

What does the umbilical chord do?

A

It’s where oxygen and nutrients travel across the placenta from the mother to the foetus

35
Q

What is gestation?

A

The time between fertilisation and the offspring being

36
Q

What type of fertilisation do mammals make? Does this make more or less eggs?

A

Internal - less

37
Q

What is the uterus?

A

Where the foetus develops

38
Q

What is internal fertilisation?

A

Where the sperm and egg meet inside the body

39
Q

What is external fertilisation?

A

The sperm and egg meet outside the body. Females lay eggs and the males spray the sperm

40
Q

What animals do internal fertilisation?

A

Mammals, birds

41
Q

What animals do external fertilisation?

A

Fish and amphibians

42
Q

Why do animals like fish lay so many eggs?

A

So there is more chance of a few surviving

43
Q

What is internal gestation?

A

Where the embryo develops inside and is provided with shelter and food

44
Q

What is external gestation?

A

Where the animals hatch from eggs

45
Q

What animals do internal gestation?

A

Mammals?

46
Q

What animals do external gestation?

A

Birds, reptiles, fish, amphibians, platypus

47
Q

What is the first stage of fertilisation in flowers?

A

The bee visits

Science (21 decks)

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