Food And Digestion

Question 1

What are the 7 food groups

Answer 1

Carbohydrates, protein, fats, water, fibre, vitamins, minerals

Question 2

What do carbs do for the body? Give examples

Answer 2

Provide immediate energy. E.g. Bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, cereals

Question 3

What does protein do for the body? Give examples

Answer 3

For growth and repair of muscles and cells. E.g. Fish, meat, eggs, tofu, beans, pulses and dairy products

Question 4

What do fatty foods do for the body? Give examples

Answer 4

Provide stored energy and warmth (and protect inner organs). E.g. Butter, oil, lard, nuts, avocados

Question 5

What do minerals do for the body? Give examples

Answer 5

To maintain health/prevent diseases. E.g. Milk (calcium), liver (iron), salt (potassium)

Question 6

What do victimised do for the body? Give examples

Answer 6

Maintain health/prevent diseases. E.g. Fruits, vegetables

Question 7

What does fibre do for the body? Give examples

Answer 7

Helps with digestion. E.g. Vegetables, bran, wholemeal/grain products

Question 8

What does water do for the body?

Answer 8

To keep us hydrated

Question 9

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 9

A diet that contains the correct amounts of all the necessary nutrients required for healthy growth and activity - more vits and mins and less fats

Question 10

What should a hard working builder eat more of?

Answer 10

Proteins - repair muscles

Carbohydrates - energy

Question 11

What is deficiency?

Answer 11

When there is too little or too much of a particular nutrient in the diet

Question 12

What is the energy in foods measured in?

Answer 12

Kilojoules kJ

Question 13

Would a person who isn’t very active need more or less energy?

Answer 13

Less

Question 14

What causes night blindness and what are the symptoms?

Answer 14

Not enough Vit A. - reduced vision in the dark

Question 15

What causes spina bifida and what are the symptoms?

Answer 15

Not enough folic acid when in the womb or runs in the family. - spinal cord comes out of the body, bad joints and spaz attacks

Question 16

What causes obesity and what are the symptoms?

Answer 16

Too much stored fat that isn’t burned off. - overweight, pressured organs, large, fatigue (get out of breath easily)

Question 17

What causes anaemia and what are the symptoms?

Answer 17

Lack of red blood cells and iron. - fatigue, pale, dry nails

Question 18

What causes rickets and what are the symptoms?

Answer 18

Lack of vitamin D and calcium. - bowed legs, soft bones

Question 19

What causes scurvy and what are the symptoms?

Answer 19

Lack of vitamin C - lack of appetite, swollen gums, red and blue spots

Question 20

What causes kwashiorkor and what are the symptoms?

Answer 20

Lack of protein - pop belly, change of colour, damage to immune system

Question 21

What causes constipation and what are the symptoms?

Answer 21

Lack of fibre - difficulty with bowl movements

Question 22

What is purpose of the mouth?

Answer 22

Food is chewed and mixed with salvia

Question 23

What is purpose of the oesophagus (gullet)?

Answer 23

The tube where food goes to the stomach

Question 24

What is purpose of the stomach?

Answer 24

Food is churned and hydrochloric acid helps the enzymes do digestion

Question 25

What is purpose of the small intestine?

Answer 25

Digestion is finished. Food is absorbed in the villi into the bloodstream for respiration

Question 26

What is purpose of the pancreas?

Answer 26

Enzymes produced here

Question 27

What is purpose of the large intestines?

Answer 27

Water is absorbed

Question 28

What is purpose of the rectum?

Answer 28

Waste is stored here before it is excreted

Question 29

What is purpose of the anus?

Answer 29

The hole where waste passes out the body

Question 30

What is the food test for sugars?

Answer 30

Benedict solution - blue: negative, brick red: positive

Question 31

What is the food test for starch?

Answer 31

Iodine - orange: negative, black: positive

Question 32

What is the food test for protein?

Answer 32

Biuret Solution - light blue: negative, purple: positive

Question 33

What is the food test for fat?

Answer 33

Grease proof paper - transparent: positive

Question 34

What do enzymes do?

Answer 34

Help break down big food molecule chains into smaller food molecules so they can fit through the small holes in the villi in the small intestine so it can go into the bloodstream for respiration

Question 35

Describe the enzyme amylase (carbohydrase)

Answer 35

Breaks down carbohydrates (starch) into glucose (sugar). Located in the mouth at pH 6

Question 36

Describe the enzyme protease

Answer 36

Breaks down proteins into amino acids. It is located in the stomach with the pH of 2

Question 37

Describe the enzyme lipase

Answer 37

Breaks down fats (lipids) into glycerol and fatty acid. It is located in the small intestine at the pH of 9-10

Question 38

What temperature do amylase enzymes work best in?

Answer 38

Hot - until a point where it doesn’t work

Question 39

What temperature is our bodies?

Answer 39

37°C