Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

What type of gas do cars release that cause ACID RAIN?

Answer 1

Nitrogen oxides

Question 2

What gas do living plants and animals release that also causes ACID RAIN?

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide

Question 3

What 2 gases does burning fossil fuels release that cause ACID RAIN?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide

Question 4

What gases cause acid rain?

Answer 4

Sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides

Question 5

How are harmful gases such as sulphur dioxide released into the atmosphere to cause acid rain?

Answer 5

Volcanoes, burning fossil fuels, car engines, loving plants and animals

Question 6

How is acid rain formed?

Answer 6

Acidic gases are released into the atmosphere
They dissolve in moisture in the air
Clouds cool and release acid rain
It falls on the land and rivers

Question 7

What are some effects of acid rain?

Answer 7

Weathering of rock -fizzes and releases CO2
Pollution in the air (asthma)
Fish die - sea becomes more acidic
Soil is more acidic - trees die, more CO2 less oxygen

Question 8

How much more acidic is acid rain than normal rain and why?

Answer 8

1000x because it contains nitric and sulphuric acid

Question 9

Where does the nitric acid come from in acid rain

Answer 9

Combustion of nitrogen and oxygen

Question 10

Where does sulphuric acid come from in acid rain

Answer 10

Combustion of fossil fuels

Question 11

What is CASHOCO

Answer 11

Carbonate+Acid—> Salt+Water+Carbon Dioxidde

Question 12

What is pollution?

Answer 12

The introduction of substances into the atmosphere that may have an adverse effect on living things

Question 13

How does carbon get from the atmosphere to oceans?

Answer 13

Dissolves

Question 14

How does carbon get from the atmosphere to plants?

Answer 14

Photosynthesis

Question 15

How does carbon get from plants to dead organisms and soil

Answer 15

By dying

Question 16

How does carbon get from plants to animals

Answer 16

By getting eaten

Question 17

How does carbon get from plants to the atmosphere?

Answer 17

Respiration

Question 18

How does carbon get from animals to the atmosphere?

Answer 18

Respiration

Question 19

How does carbon get from animals to dead organisms and soil

Answer 19

By dying

Question 20

How does carbon get from dead organisms and soil to the atmosphere

Answer 20

Decomposition

Question 21

How does carbon get from the ocean to the atmosphere

Answer 21

Release

Question 22

How does carbon get from fossil fuels to the atmosphere?

Answer 22

Combustion

Question 23

What are the effects of global warming

Answer 23

Rise in sea levels, floods, droughts, frequent storms, rise in temperatures

Question 24

What gases cause global warming?

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methane, car exhaust fumes, burning fuels

Question 25

What happens in global warming (key points)

Answer 25

The sun warms the earth by emitting SHORT WAVES. Some is of the heat is absorbed but most of it gets reflected back into the atmosphere as LONG WAVES but gets trapped from escaping since CO2 and H2O absorb the long waves and emit it back in ALL DIRECTIONS including back to earth

Question 26

What is an EXOthermic reaction?

Answer 26

Where heat energy (EXits) is given out of the substance into its surroundings

Question 27

What is an ENDOthermic reaction?

Answer 27

Where heat energy (ENters) is taken in from the surroundings to the substance

Question 28

What is a physical reaction

Answer 28

Can be reversed

Question 29

What is a chemical reaction

Answer 29

It is irreversible

Question 30

What is the symbol equation for nitric acid

Answer 30

NHO3

Question 31

What is the symbol equation for sulphuric acid

Answer 31

H2SO4

Question 32

What is the symbol equation for carbonic acid

Answer 32

H2CO6

Question 33

Mass of the reactants must equal…

Answer 33

The mass of the products

Question 34

What is combustion

Answer 34

Burning. Needs oxygen, heat and a fuel. Removing one of these will make the fire go out.

Question 35

What is a fuel

Answer 35

Something that gives off energy when it is burned

Question 36

What is complete combustion

Answer 36

When there is ENOUGH oxygen for the fuel to burn completely

Question 37

What is the word equation for complete combustion

Answer 37

Hydrocarbon + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

Question 38

What is a hydrocarbon

Answer 38

Fuels: carbon and hydrogen

Question 39

What is INcomplete combustion

Answer 39

When there ISN'T enough oxygen for the fuel to burn completely

Question 40

What is the word equation for incomplete combustion

Answer 40

Hydrocarbon + oxygen --> carbon MONoxide + carbon(soot) + water

Question 41

Why is carbon monoxide dangerous

Answer 41

It kills, can't see, taste or smell it

Question 42

What is the symbol equation for complete combustion

Answer 42

CH4 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O

Question 43

What is the symbol equation for incomplete combustion

Answer 43

CH4 + O2 --> CO + C + H2O

Question 44

What is a catalyst

Answer 44

A chemical that speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 45

What gas is released when volcanoes erupt and is also a cause of ACID RAIN?

Answer 45

Sulphur dioxide