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Science > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Why are the chloroplasts short and fat rather than tall and thin?

A

To cover more surface area and therefore capture more sunlight

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2
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water —> oxygen + glucose

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3
Q

What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?

A

CO2 + H2O —> C6H12O6 + O2

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4
Q

Why do plants produce glucose in photosynthesis. What is it stored as

A

To use for respiration - stored as a starch

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5
Q

What do plants take in

A

Water, carbon dioxide, sunlight

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6
Q

What is the waxy layer for

A

So it doesn’t absorb too much water

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7
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

A chemical reaction that happens in green plants and algae

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8
Q

Why does cutting down trees contribute to global warming

A

Because they produce oxygen and take In carbon dioxide

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9
Q

What are chloroplasts

A

Contains greens pigment chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis

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10
Q

Why are leaves thin?

A

Provides a short distance for carbon dioxide to move by diffusion into the leaf

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11
Q

What is the stomata for

A

Allows carbon dioxide to move by diffusion onto the lead

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12
Q

What are the guard cells for

A

To open and close the stomata depending on the conditions

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13
Q

What is the xylem for

A

To transport water

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14
Q

What is the Phloem for

A

To transport food

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15
Q

Why do lead have large surface areas

A

So that it can absorb a lot of light

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16
Q

Why is the palisade cell at the top

A

It is where the light hits first (after the waxy layer)

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17
Q

Where is water absorbed

A

the root hair cells

18
Q

What are some qualities of root hair cells

A

Big surface area and thin walls - let water pass easily

19
Q

What do plants do when it’s dark

A

Respire, no photosythesis

20
Q

What do plants do when it’s light

A

Photosynthesise and respire

21
Q

What are the air gaps for

A

Allows gases to go through

22
Q

Spongy layer

A

Absorbs gases

23
Q

Petal

A

Attract bees and insects for pollination

24
Q

Stem

A

To hold the plant up

Carries water from the roots to the leaf

25
Q

Roots

A

Anchors the plant

Digs into soil for nutrients

26
Q

Biomass

A

The increase of biological material and mass. The increase of dry biomass of biological material a over a given period of time

27
Q

Dry biomass

A

Dead organisms dried out by heat

28
Q

Wet biomass

A

Heavier, more water particles, wet, usually alive

29
Q

What do pyramids of biomass show?

A

The collective wet biomass of organisms at each stage of a food chain

30
Q

How do plants increase their biomass

A

Carbon dioxide and water - increase in the sugar

31
Q

Pesticide

A

Pest (insect) killer

32
Q

Bio accumulation

A

When toxin is spread and increased throughout a food chain

33
Q

How does bioaccumulation work?

A

Inset eats plant sprayed with pesticide. Birds eat the insect and die from it

34
Q

Where do plants get minerals from

A

The soil, dead organisms

35
Q

How do we increase the amount of minerals in the soil

A

Add water, add fertilises

36
Q

What is potassium for

A

Making the enzymes in respiration and photosynthesis work

Lack of it causes the plant to go hello

37
Q

Nitrogen in plants

A

To make protein. Lack of it stunted growth and yellow colour

38
Q

Phosphorous

A

Photosynthesis
Helping the plant use glucose for respiration
Lack of it causes poor root growth and purple young leaves

39
Q

Calcium

A

Strengthen cell wall and plant cell divide

40
Q

What is the male sex cell in plants

A

Pollen

41
Q

What is the male sex organ in plants

A

Stamen - anther and filament

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