Renal Tubular Acidosis Flashcards
What is the overall cause of renal tubular acidosis?
Pathology in tubules of the kidney
What are tubules of kidney responsible for?
Balancing hydrogen and bicarbonate ions between blood and urine and maintaining normal pH
Overall cause of typ1 renal tubular acidosis?
Pathology in distal tubule, unable to balance H ions
Causes of type 1 renal tubular acidosis?
- SLE
- Sjogren’s syndrome
- PBC
- Hyperthyroidism
- Sickle cell anaemia
- Marfan’s syndrome
Presnetation of type 1 renal tubular acidosis?
Hyperventilation to compensate for metabolic acidosis
CKD
Bone disease
Treatment for type 1 renal tubular acidosis?
Oral bicarbonate
Type 2 renal tubular acidosis is due to pathology where?
Proximal tubule
What is type 2 renal tubular acidosis?
PT is unable to reabsorb bicarbonate form urine to blood, excessive bicarbonate is excreted in urine
Cause of T2 RTA?
Fanconi’s syndrome is main cause
-The one associated with Ashkenzi jews
Features of T2 RTA?
Cafe au lait spots
Absence of radius bone
Certain facial features
WHat is T3 RTA?
Combo of type 1 & type 2 with pathology in proximal and distal tubule
Most common type of RTA?
Type 4
What causes type 4 RTA?
Reduced aldosterone= insufficient K+ & H+ ion secretion
Management of T4 RTA?
Fludrocortisone
Sodium bicarbonate and treatment of hyperkalaemia may also be required
