Rapid Review - Classic / Relevant Treatments (3)

Question 1

Osteomalacia/rickets

Answer 1

Vitamin D supplementation

Question 2

Osteoporosis

Answer 2

Bisphosphonates; calcium and vitamin D supplementation

Question 3

Patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 3

Indomethacin

Question 4

Pheochromocytoma

Answer 4

α-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)

Question 5

Pneumocystis jirovecii

Answer 5

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)

Question 6

Prolactinoma

Answer 6

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

Question 7

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

Answer 7

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

Question 8

Prostate carcinoma

Answer 8

Flutamide

Question 9

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 9

Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

Question 10

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

Answer 10

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

Question 11

Rickettsia rickettsii

Answer 11

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (associated with aplastic anemia)

Question 12

Ringworm infections

Answer 12

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

Question 13

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

Answer 13

5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., 2nd-generation antipsychotics)

Question 14

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

Answer 14

D2 receptor antagonists (e.g., 1st- and 2nd-generation

antipsychotics)

Question 15

SIADH

Answer 15

Demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists

Question 16

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 16

Hydroxyurea (increased fetal hemoglobin)

Question 17

Sporothrix schenckii

Answer 17

Oral potassium iodide

Question 18

Stable angina

Answer 18

Sublingual nitroglycerin

Question 19

Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 19

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin

Question 20

Streptococcus bovis

Answer 20

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

Question 21

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 21

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

Question 22

Streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 22

Penicillin prophylaxis

Question 23

Temporal arteritis

Answer 23

High-dose steroids

Question 24

Tonic-clonic seizures

Answer 24

Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

Question 25

Toxoplasma gondii

Answer 25

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

Question 26

Treponema pallidum

Answer 26

Penicillin

Question 27

Trichomonas vaginalis

Answer 27

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

Question 28

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

Answer 28

Carbamazepine

Question 29

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 29

5-ASA, infliximab, colectomy

Question 30

UTI prophylaxis

Answer 30

TMP-SMX

Question 31

Warfarin toxicity

Answer 31

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)