(Q4) Diseases of the Female Reproductive System (Ch.14)

Question 1

Oophoritis

Answer 1

Inflammation of the ovaries

Question 2

Salpingitis/Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Answer 2

Inflammation of the fallopian (uterine) tubes or female upper genital tract

Question 3

Metritis/Uteritis

Answer 3

Inflammation of the uterus
(Think of the entire uterus because metri- = uterus)

Question 4

Endometritis

Answer 4

Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium)

Question 5

Endocervicitis

Answer 5

Inflammation of the lining of the cervix

Question 6

Vaginitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the vagina

Question 7

Myometritis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the uterine wall (myometrium)

Question 8

Parametritis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the uterine serosa (parametrium) and broad ligaments

Question 9

Mastitis

Answer 9

Inflammation of the mammary glands

Question 10

Abscess Formation

Answer 10

• common in the ovaries and fallopian tubes

Question 11

Common Bacterial Causes of Female Reproductive Inflammatory Diseases

Answer 11

• Gonococcus
• Staphylococcus
• Chlamydia
• Streptococcus

Question 12

Candia albicans

Answer 12

• Common bacterial cause of vaginitis
• Vaginitis commonly occurs after antibiotic therapy, when antibiotic kills norma flora preventing yeast infections

Question 13

Puerperal Sepsis

Answer 13

• Childbirth fever
• Inflection of the reproductive tract following childbirth
• Commonly caused by streptococcus pyogenes

Question 14

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS)

Answer 14

• Infection of the reproductive tract often associated with prolonged tampon usage
• The tampon provides an environment suitable for bacterial growth and toxin production

Question 15

Syphilis

Answer 15

a sexually transmitted infectious (STI) disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum

Question 16

Herpes

Answer 16

• Genital Herpes
• a sexually transmitted infectious (STI) disease caused by Herpes Simplex 2

Question 17

Toxemia of Pregnancy

Answer 17

• Preeclampsia
• A complication of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to other organ systems, such as the liver or kidneys.
• Characterized by edema of the extremities and face, high blood pressure, high albuminuria (high protein in the urine)
• Cause is unknown, can lead to eclampsia

Question 18

Eclampsia

Answer 18

Seizures that occur during a woman’s pregnancy or shortly after giving birth.

Question 19

Tubal Pregnancy

Answer 19

An embryo attempts to develop in the fallopian tube

Question 20

Abdominal Pregnancy

Answer 20

Fertilized ovum attempts to develop in the abdominal cavity

Question 21

Extrauterine/Ectopic Pregnancies

Answer 21

• Names used to refer to tubal and abdominal pregnancies
• pregnancy that occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus

Question 22

Endometriosis

Answer 22

A condition where endometrial tissue is located elsewhere in the pelvic or abdominal area

Question 23

Ovarian Cyst

Answer 23

• Sacs filled with fluids that develop on or within the ovary
• Functional disorder

Question 24

Functional Disorder

Answer 24

A disorder that is not caused by a disease

Question 25

Endometriomas

Answer 25

- Chocolate Cysts/Ovarian blood cysts - A blood-filled sac or pocket (cyst) within or on the surface of an ovary.

Question 26

Dermoid Cyst

Answer 26

- Benign tumor that is covered in dermis-like tissue that forms on the ovary - Cystic Teraroma: a type of dermoid cyst that can also occur on the ovary

Question 27

Cystadenoma

Answer 27

Benign ovarian tumor that develops from the surface epithelium of the ovary

Question 28

Cystadenocarcinoma

Answer 28

Malignant tumor that develops from the surface epithelium of the ovary

Question 29

Cervical Cancer

Answer 29

- Most common form of uterine cancer - Most common form of malignancy affecting women worldwide - generally squamous cell carcinomas of the endometrium - Two types: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma

Question 30

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Answer 30

Malignant tumor that develops from the flat cells covering the outer surface of the cervix at the top of the vagina

Question 31

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 31

Malignant tumor that develops from the glandular cells lining the cervical canal

Question 32

Leiomyomas of the uterus

Answer 32

- Fibroid tumors - Very common benign tumors which develop from the smooth muscle fibers in the walls of the uterus

Question 33

Breast Cancer

Answer 33

- Very common form of cancer in women - Spreads rapidly through the blood and lymphatic vessels in the chest area - early detection is key to a good prognosis: discovered through biopsy

Question 34

Mastectomy

Answer 34

- Surgical removal of a breast or part of a breast - Types: (Lumpectomy), subcutaneous, simple/total, modified radical, radical

Question 35

Lumpectomy

Answer 35

- Removal of the lump and an area of healthy tissue around its edges - most preferable because it requires less removal of tissue

Question 36

Subcutaneous Mastectomy

Answer 36

Removal of the entire breast leaving the nipple and areola

Question 37

Simple/Total Mastectomy

Answer 37

- Removal of the entire breast, but not the axillary Lymph nodes

Question 38

Modified Radical Mastectomy

Answer 38

Removal of the entire breast and most of the axillary lymph nodes

Question 39

Radical Mastectomy

Answer 39

- Removal of the pectoralis muscles, the breast and axillary lymph nodes, - Rarely performed today

Question 40

Embalming Considerations of Diseases of the Female Reproductive System

Answer 40

- Infectious diseases need adequate disinfection - External lesions require surface treatment with disinfectant compresses or hypodermic injection - Rapid blood coagulation - Ascites - Edema - Discolorations