Introduction to Pathology (Q2, Ch.1) Flashcards
General Pathology
- The study of disease and repair
- Disease process that may affect any part or system in the body such as inflammation, degeneration, necrosis, and repair
- No reference is made to a particular organ or system
Pathology
the study of disease – specifically, the study of the structure and function of the body as it is affected by disease.
Special/System Pathology
The study of the affects of disease on a particular part or system
Gross Pathology
Study of changes caused by a disease which are easily seen without the aid of a microscope or other instrument
Histopathology/Microscopic Pathology
- Study of tissues (cells) using a microscope or other instrument, which enhances clarity
- The study of microscopic changes that cells, tissues, and organs undergo as a result of disease
Clinical Pathology
- The study of body secretions, excretions, and fluids
- The basis of laboratory medicine
- Used to determine changes and function of various organs or structures
Pathological/Morbid Pathology
The study of structural changes in the body caused by disease; includes both gross pathology and histopathology
Surgical Pathology
Study of tissues removed from a living body (biopsy)
Autopsy Pathology
The study of tissues and organs removed from a dead human body
Physiological Pathology
Study of changes in function (physiology) of the body caused by disease
Mediocolegal (Forensic) Pathology
- The study of the dead human body, to determine causing manner of death; especially those with a medical and legal significance
- coroner/medical examiner
Autopsy
The study of a dead human body, to determine manner and cause of death
Clinical Autopsy
- Autopsy performed to confirm a diagnosis
- Voluntary
Forensic Autopsy
An autopsy done, or ordered by a coroner or medical examiner, to determine medical or legal significance to a cause of death
Cause of Death
Any injury or disease that produces a physiological arrangement in the body that results in the death of the individual
Manner of Death
- How the cause of death came about
- Natural, suicide, homicide, accident
Mechanism of Death
- the specific change in the body that brought about the cessation of life.
- Physiological events produced by a disease which caused the death
(Ex. CoD=gunshot; mechanism= blood loss)
Drug Abuse
- Trauma related death
- Use/misuse of prescription, and or social drugs
Ex. Anti-depressants, prescription, insulin, sleeping pills, heroin, alcohol, etc.
Cocaine=stimulant
Heroin= depressant
Other Trauma Related Deaths
- Gunshot wounds
- homicide
- accidental suicide
- lightning
- electricity
- burns
- stabbings
- vehicular accidents
- high voltage or low voltage incidents etc
Burns (and Degrees)
- First-degree: superficial burn; redness, no blisters, not fatal
- Second-degree: skin is moist, red, and blistered, not fatal
- 3rd degree: necrosis of epidermidis and dermis (damage to hair, follicles, sebaceous, and sweat glands) often fatal
- fourth degree: severe destruction of tissue. (Ex. Cremation)
Frostbite
- Trauma related deaths
- Freezing of tissue that causes damage, usually not fatal
Hypothermia
- Trauma related death
- lower body temperature (below 80°F)
- May be fatal
Stab Wound
- Trauma related death
- Sharp instrument penetrate through tissue
- Can be fatal; depends on the type of instrument used and location of penetration
Motor vehicle accidents
- Trauma related death
- Speeding, DUI, acute health issue behind the wheel (heart attack), weather conditions, vehicular failure, poor judgment while driving
Etiology
study of the underlying causes of diseases
Lesion
- A circumscribed area of pathologically altered tissue; a single patch in a skin disease
- Can be the result of disease and may result in an injury or wound
Trauma
The process or event leading to an injury or wound
