Pupil Flashcards
What is the meaning of:
1. Anisoconia
2. Dyscoria
3. Corectopia
- Anisoconia– different size
- Dyscoria– different shape
- Corectopia– different position
Near reflex is composed of
- Pupillary constriction
- Conversion
- Accommodation
The other name of Marcus gunn
Relative afferent pupillary defect
What is the definition of Marcus Gunn pupil?
Paradoxical dilatation of the pupil when the torchlight is swung from the contralateral normal eye to the affected eye
What is the cause of Marcus gunn pupil?
due to unilateral or asymmetrical disease of the retina or optic nerve
Features of horner’s syndrome
- Ptosis
- Miosis
- Anhydrosis
- Ipsilateral iris hypochromia
How to test horner syndrom
Topical cocaine
1. Normal: Dilate
2. Honerer = No dilatation
Causes of horner
- Tumor
- Truma
- Other (inflammation or congenital but rare)
When we consider it miosis or mydrasis
Miosis less than 2mm
Mydrasis more than 6mm
Causes of miosis
Ps
1. Pain killer = morphin
2. Pilocarpin (parasympathomimitic)
3. Posterior synechia
4. Grandpa 👴 = senile miosis
5. Other:
- congenital
- trauma (superior orbital fissior)
- meningitis encephalitis cavernous sinus thrombosis
Causes of mydriasis
- Drugs (atropine and cocain)
- Trauma (ocular,intracranial)
- Tumor
- Pressure (ICP)
About Adie’s syndrome
- Large pupil
- Unilateral
- More in female 20 - 40
- Slow near reflex
Adie’s syndrome associated with
- Sarcoid
- Tumor
- DM
- Infections (HZ and syphilis)
When the large pupil of Adei’s constricted?
- With small dose of pilocarpin (hypersensitivity)
- In near reflex
BUT NOT IN THE LIGHT
About Argyl Robertson pupils
- Irregular small pupil
- Not affect by light but affect by near
- Usually bilateral
- Good vision
- Due to lesion to EW subnucleus
