Eye injury Flashcards
Most ocular trauma is
blunt trauma (80%)
the most common site of scleral rapture
insertion of extra ocular muscle
2nd is the limbus
thinnest part of sclera (0.3mm)
What is blunt trauma
Trauma caused by blunt object 🙄
Of small diameter such as fist, or tennis ball.
Complications of blunt trauma
You have to enumerate from outside to inside:
Lid
Lacrimal system
Conjunctiva
Sclera
Cornea
A/C
And soooo on…
Complications of blunt trauma to the lid
Lid Lacerations (vertical more worse)» cicatricial ectropion
Lid edema
Black eye
Ptosis: paralytic or mechanical
subcutaneous emphysema
Lacrimal blunt trauma
Epiphora
What does blunt trauma cause ot conjunctiva
Wounds 🫠
Chemosis
Conjunctivitis
Subconjunctival hge
How about sclera?
Wounds 😪
Scleritis
Scleral rupture
Don’t forget: it is the most common site of rupture of globe
It is the cornea
corneal abrasion: heal within 24h
Ulcer, edema, or rupture
blood stained cornea in case of +IOP and hyphema
What a poor A/C
Irregularity of depth
Abnormal conent
Angle recession glaucoma
in case of blunt trauma, what conditions can you find the A/C on
The depth
shallow in case of **corneal rupture
Deep in posterior dislocation of the lens
irregular in subluxation
What is the abnormal contents that you can find them in the a/c in the patient with blunt trauma
Hyphema (injury to vascularized stucture)
Plasmoid aqeous
Lens (anterior dislocation)
What can happen in Iris from blunt trauma
Wound
Miosis or mydriasis
Aniridia (يطيرها لك بكل)
Iridodialysis
Iridocylclitis»2ry glaucoma
Atrophy
Effects of blunt trauma on the cilliary body
Cyclitis
Tear
Spasm of the muscle»myopia, then loss of accommodation
ciliaru shut down(hypotony)
Lens
vossius ring
Rosette shape cataract: subcapsular
lens displacement: sublux or disloc
Vitreous detachment
What are the events that may happen in the IOP in case of trauma by football (روبيرتو كارلوس)
يرقا والا ينزل أنت وحظك
Hypotony dt shutdown of the known blody
2ry glaucoma from inflammation or closing to the angle
Choroid
rupture: white crescent temporal to optic disc
Choroiditis, Hge, or detachment
Ms. Retina
Retinal tear or hole
commutio retina (berlin’s edema)
Cherry red spot
Hge detachment or inflammation
Retinal necrosis & and atrophy
Optic nerve 😫
Optic neuritis
Hge and edema
Optic nerve atrophy
Avulsion of optic nerve
EOM
Any damage leads to limitation of movement and binocular diplopia
What can happen to the orbit:
Traumatic proptosis
Fracture of orbit floor (blow-out fracture)
Vitreous
Hge and Floaters
Detachment and its complications
Liquefaction
Vitreous loss
What is commutio retinae
retinal edema affecting ganglion calls layers following blunt trauma involve macula
Appear as white milky area with cherry red spot
cherry red spot represent?
It represents fovea dt No ganglion cell layer, so it still shows color of choroid
It may resolve or cause macular tear and **loss of central vision
How to prevent blood stained cornea in case of hyphema
Control IOP
NB: hyphema++IOP, you remember?
Tx of permanent blood stained retina
Keratoplasty
