Pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

Unlabored breathing
Nonproductive cough
Expiratory wheeze
Right lung

A

Foreign body aspiration

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2
Q

Best test to confirm foreign body aspiration

A

Airway fluoroscopy

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3
Q

Recurrent wheezing
Increased with feeding and neck flexion
Stridor/dyspnea during feeds
Bronchogenic cysts
Tracheal Stenosis
Double aortic arch

A

Vascular ring

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4
Q

Diagnostic test for vascular ring

A

CTA or MRA

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5
Q

Decrease in SBP by > 10 mmHg during inspiration

A

Pulsus paradoxus

Sign of severe respiratory distress or decreased cardiac output

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6
Q

Best way to assess severity of respiratory distress

A

watch for signs of anxiety (tachycardia)

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7
Q

Rightward shift of Oxygen dissociation curve

A

Acidosis
Hyperthermia
Increased 2, 3 BPG

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8
Q

100-day cough

A

Pertussis

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9
Q

Diagnostic test for Cystic Fibrosis

A

Sweat test > 60 mmol/L chloride

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10
Q

Early and late infections in cystic fibrosis

A

Early: staph aureus

Late: pseudomonas

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11
Q

Odd if a healthy sibling of someone with CF being a carrier

A

2/3

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12
Q

Carrier rate if CF in general Caucasian population

A

1/25

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13
Q

Common GI manifestations in CF during neonatal period

A

Meconium ileus
Meconium peritonitis
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

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14
Q

CF
Neonate
Polyhydramnios
Ground glass appearance on KUB due to decreased bowel gas

A

Meconium ileus

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15
Q

CF
Neonate
Pseudocyst on Xray

A

Meconium peritonitis

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16
Q

Common pulmonary bacteria in CF

A

Staph aureus
H. Influenzas
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Burkholderia cepacia - worsening lung function and poor outcome

17
Q

Right ventricular dysfunction caused by pulmonary HTB

A

Cor pulomonale

18
Q

Diagnostic test for primary ciliary dyskinesia

A

Exhaled nitric oxide

19
Q

Pleural LDH > 2/3 serum LDH
Pleural protein > 3
Pleural pH < 7.3

A

Exudative pleural effusion

20
Q

Pleural LDH < 2/3 serum LDH
Pleural protein < 3
Pleural pH > 7.45

A

Transudative pleural effusion

21
Q

Most common causes of Bronchiectasis

A

Recurrent pulmonary infections
Cystic fibrosis

22
Q

Chronic wet cough
Lower respiratory tract infections
Coughing made worse with changes in position.

A

Bronchiectasis

23
Q

Causes of Bronchiectasis

A

Cystic fibrosis
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Immunodeficiency/infection
Lobar pneumonia
Aspergillosis
Measles/pertussis
TB
Extrinsic compression causes by enlarged lymph nodes or masses

24
Q

Most likely causes of hemoptysis in children

A

Infection
Bronchiectasis
Foreign body aspiration

25
Q

Causes of pneumonia (3 wk to 12 mo)

A

Chlamydia
Virus
Pertussis

26
Q

Causes of pneumonia (1-4 yr)

A

Virus
Strep pneumoniae

27
Q

Causes of pneumonia (school age)

A

Mycoplasma
Chlamydophilia
Strep pneumoniae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Staph aureus

28
Q

Recurrent pulmonary infections
Abnormal budding of tracheal diverticulum of foregut before 16 EJ GA

A

Bronchogenic cyst

29
Q

Autosomal dominant
Recurrent epistaxis (nighttime)
Vascular malformations in lung, CNS, liver, GI

A

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
(Osler-Weber-rendu syndrome)

30
Q

Inspiratory stridor
Difficulty breathing
Exercise

A

Exercise-induced vocal cord dysfunction (aka exerciser-induced laryngeal obstruction)