Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Laughing Your Way > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

1
Q

Positive psoas sign (pain on strengthening out the leg

Absence of air in the RLQ on Xray

A

Appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Causes of acute abdominal pain

A

Constipation
Ovarian
Mesenteric
Mono
Pancreatitis
Hepatitis
UTI
Trauma
Surgical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Epigastric abdominal pain
Not relieved with defecation
No evidence of inflammatory, anatomic, metabolic, neoplastic, or recent infection

Present for > 1x per week for > 2 mo

A

Functional dyspepsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Criteria for H pylori testing

A

Endoscopic or radiologic evidence of gastric or duodenal ulcers

MALT lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Abdominal discomfort improved with defecation
Change in stool frequency or consistency
No organic explanation of symptoms

Present for > 1x per week for > 2 mo

A

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Recurrent Abdominal pain
Urinary retention
Tachycardia
Blurred vision
Dry mouth

A

TCA ingestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Abdominal pain for > 1x/wk for > 2 mo
Loss of daily activity
Headache, limb pain, sleep disruption

A

Childhood functional abdominal pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acute, incapacitating periumbilical abdominal pain
> 1 hr
Interferes with normal activity
Must include 2 of the following :
Pallor, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, headache, photophobia

Have symptom free periods

Management

A

Abdominal migraine

Triptans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Vomiting
HAGMA
Hypoglycemia
Hyperammonemia
No fevers

A

Inborn error of metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Bilious vomiting
Double bubble sign
Icteric (diminished enterohepatic circulation)

A

Duodenal atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bilious Vomiting
Abnormal intestinal rotation
Cecum’s failure to descend
Bloody stool

Management’s

A

Malrotation

Surgical emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bilious vomiting
Right sided abdominal distention
Ladd bands
Gastric/duodenal dilatation
Decreased intestinal air
Cork screw appearance of small bowel

A

volvulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

3 mo to 6 yr
Recurrent Abdominal pain with drawing up legs
Vomiting
Lethargic
Bloody/currant jelly stool
Sausage like mass

A

Intussusception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Management and causes

A

Air enema (diagnostic + therapeutic)

Under 3 yo - idiopathic
Over 3 yo - meckel, polyps, HSP vasculitis, lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Dystonic movement of head/neck
GE reflux

A

Sandifer syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MOA of Zofran

A

serotonin receptor antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

GE reflux
Abdominal pain
Arching of back with feeds
Apnea
FTT

A

GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Management for GERD

A

Reflux precautions
Reassurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Progressive non-bilious vomiting
Second month of life
Hypochloremic hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis

A

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

US diagnostic criteria for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

A

Pyloric length > 14 mm
Or
Pyloric muscle thickness > 4 mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Acute and chronic management for cyclical vomiting syndrome

A

Acute: IV hydration

Chronic: cyproheptadine, propranolol, TCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Frequent passive regurgitation of ingested food into mouth that is then re-chewed and swallowed or spit out

A

Rumination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

PseudoCyst on floor of mouth
“Mucocele”
Bluish

A

Ranula

Treatment: excision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Underdeveloped or absent teeth
X-linked

A

Ectodermal hypoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Most common type of TE fistula

A

Blind upper esophageal pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Chronic immune/antigen mediated condition
Presents as GERD/dysphagia
Food impaction

A

Eosinophilic esophagitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Peptic ulcer disease medication contraindicated in pregnancy

A

Misoprostol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Postprandial emesis
Epigastric pain that wakes up patient
+/- guaiac positive stool

A

Peptic ulcer disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

FTT
Muscle wasting
Diarrhea/abdominal distention
Nonresolving iron-deficiency anemia

A

Celiac disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Best screen for celiac disease

A

IgA Ab against TTG
IgA Ab to endomysium

(If normal IgA levels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Macrocephaly
Papillomatous papules
Mucocutaneous lesions
Actual keratosis

A

PTEN Hamartoma Syndrome

(Aka Cowden and Multiple Hamartoma syndromes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Familial adenomatous polydipsia
CNS tumors

A

Turcot syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Age to being sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy in FAP

A

10-12 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

FAP
Intestinal polyps
extra teeth
Osteomas
Soft tissue tumors

A

Gardner’s syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Mucocutaneous pigmentation of lips/gums
Hundreds of polyps
Colicky abdominal pain

A

Peutz-Jegher syndrome

36
Q

Rectal ulcer
Hematochezia
Superficial ulcer with crypt abscesses
Toxic megacolon
Erythema nodosum
Arthritis
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Ankylosing spondylitis
Sclerosing cholangitis
p-ANCA +

A

Ulcerative colitis

37
Q

Screening and management of UC

A

colonoscopy every 1-2 years beginning 8 years after diagnosis

5-ASA

38
Q

Perirectal fistulas
Skip lesions
Cobblestone
Nocasesting granulomas
Rectum spares
Toxic megacolon
String sign
+ASCA

A

Chrohn’s disease

39
Q

Screening and management of chron’s

A

colonoscopy every 1-2 years beginning 8 years after diagnosis

5-ASA

40
Q

No passage of meconium in first 48 hr
Absconds of parasympathetic inner action of the internal anal sphincter
Congenital aganglionic megacolon
Down syndrome

A

Hirschsprung’s disease

41
Q

Diagnosis and management of Hirschsprung’s

A

Rectal biopsy
“Squirt sign”

Surgical excision of aganglionic segment

42
Q

Most common cause of upper GI bleeding

A

Gastritis due to Peptic or acid irritation

43
Q

Negatibe Apt test

A

Ingested blood of maternal origin

44
Q

False positive guiaic

A

Meat Ingestion
Horseradish
Iron

45
Q

Painless rectal bleeding
Around age 2
Gastric/intestinal tissue
2 feet from ileocecal valve
2in in length
2% of population

Diagnosis

A

Meckel diverticulum

Technetium 99m pertechnate scintigraphic study

46
Q

Watery, non bloody diarrhea
Neonates to < 2 yo
Poor sanitation

A

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)

47
Q

Severe watery, nonbloody diarrhea
Travelers diarrhea

A

Enterotoxogenix E. Coli (ETEC)

48
Q

Bloody diarrhea
Hemorrhagic colitis
HUS

A

Enterohemorrhagic/Shiga toxin E. coli (STEC)

49
Q

Dysentery
Tenesmus
Afebrile

A

Enteroinvasive E. Coli (EIEC)

50
Q

Most commons cause of parasitic diarrhea worldwide

A

Giardiasis

51
Q

Management for Giardiasis

A

Tinidazole
Metronidazole
Nitazoxanide

52
Q

Watery non bloody diarrhea
Childcare centers
Swimming pools
Petting zoos

A

Cryptosporidium

53
Q

Protracted diarrhea

Newborns
Infants
Toddlers
Older children

A

Short gut syndrome
Viral infection / protein intolerance
Toddler’s diarrhea
Lactose intolerance

54
Q

Most common cause of chronic diarrhea in children up to 3 yo

Etiology

A

Toddler’s diarrhea

Excess fruit intake

55
Q

Hyperalimentation-induced cholestasis

A

Protein intake associated with TPN

56
Q

Most common cause of cholestatic jaundice in newborn

A

TPN

57
Q

Diagnostic test for evaluation of biliary atresia

A

1) intraoperative cholangiogram
2) ultrasound
3) HIDA

58
Q

Neonatal jaundice
Fever
Acholic stools
RUQ pain
Palpable mass

A

Choledochal cyst

59
Q

Intermittent Unconjugated hyperbili
Stress or illness
Familial
Glucoronyl transferase deficiency

A

Gilbert Syndrome

60
Q

Recent illness or varicella
Aspirin
Elevated LFTs and ammonia

A

Reye’s syndrome

If 2nd occurrence, think inborn error of metabolism

61
Q

Liver disease in children/teenagers
Neuropsychiatric disease in adults
Elevated hepatic/urine copper
Decreased ceruloplasmin
Low serum copper

Management

A

Wilson disease

D-penicillamine

62
Q

Neonatal jaundice, hepatitis, cholestasis
COPD
Necrotizinf panniculitis and psoriasis in adults

A

A1AT deficiency

63
Q

Diagnosis of portal hypertension

A

Portal venous pressure > 5 mmHg

Portal to hepatic vein pressure gradient > 10 mmHg

64
Q

Most sensitive indicator of portal hypertension and varices

A

Splenomegaly

65
Q

Flu like symptoms
Jaundice
Elevated LFTs
Fecal-oral route
Poor hygiene/sanitation
Contaminate water
Raw/undercooked food

A

Hepatitis A

+ serum IgM

66
Q

DNA virus
Blood, sex, perinatal transmission

Arthritis
Papular acrodermatitis (gianotti-crosti)
PAN
GN

A

Hepatitis B

67
Q

Most feared complications of chronic HBV infection

A

Fulminant hepatic failure and HCC

68
Q

HBsAg +
Anti HBs -
IgM

A

Acute HBV

69
Q

HBsAg +
Anti HBs -
IgG
Elevated AST

A

Chronic HBV

70
Q

HBsAg +
Anti HBs -
IgG
Normal AST

A

Carrier of HBV

71
Q

HBsAg -
Anti HBs +
IgG

A

Past HBV infection

72
Q

HBsAg -
Anti HBs +
No Anti-HBc

A

Post HBV vaccination

73
Q

HBsAg -
Anti HBs -
IgG

A

Chronic HBV
Past HBV
False positive

74
Q

Most common blood borne infection in US
Most common cause of chronic viral hepatitis

A

Hepatitis C

75
Q

Fecal oral route
Asia, Africa, Mexico
Contaminated water
Hepatitis

A

Hepatitis E

76
Q

Most specific test for diagnosing pancreatitis

A

Abdominal ultrasound

77
Q

Most common cause of recurrent pancreatitis

A

Hereditary pancreatitis

78
Q

Fever
pain Radiating to R scapula
Palpable mass in RUQ

A

cholecystitis

79
Q

Radiolucent cholelithiasis

A

Cholesterol

Obesity, Hispanic, familial, female

80
Q

Black cholelithiasis

A

Pigmented

Hereditary hemolytic anemias

81
Q

Brown cholelithiasis

A

Infection

Bacterial or parasitic

82
Q

Diagnostic test for primary sclerosing cholangitis

A

MRCP

83
Q

Most common genetic mutation that leads to hereditary pancreatitis

A

PRSS1

84
Q

Allgrove syndrome

A

Achalasia
Alacrima (no tears)
Adrenal insufficiency

85
Q

Crigler-Najjar syndrome

A

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Type 1: complete absence of UDP-gluconyltranserase

Type 2: near complete absence of UDP-gluconyltranserase

Laughing Your Way (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions