Puberty Flashcards
Adrenarche is an increase in adrenal androgen production from the __ __ of the adrenal gland
zona reticularis
What three hormones are increased
DHEA, DHEA-S, androstenedione
Adrenarche is independent of the __ hormone
ACTH
Occurs ___ sexual characteristics appear and is responsible for ___
before; pubarche
Adrenarche and __ are independently regulated
gonadarche
Thelarche (breast development) occurs in response to
gonadarche
Thelarche is stimulated by an onset of ___ and ___ secretion
GnRH; gonadotropin
Tanner development stages of the breast and pubic hair occurs earlier in __
blacks
Pubic and axillary hair development is due to __ only
adrenarche
Adrenarche plays little role in
skeletal development
Menarche occurs 2 years after
breast development
Initial menstrual cycles may be ___ because you don’t reach the ___ levels to get a LH peack
anovulatory; estrogen
It’s usual to have __ cycles for 3-4 years after initial menarche
irregular
__ girls may have early thelarche especially because adipose tissue has more ___
Fat; aromatase
Male puberty changes: sertoli cells stop ___ and the __ testicle grows faster
mitosis; right
Growth in girls during puberty is due to __ and __, and is also supported by __ for bone closing
GH and IGF-1; estrogen
The __ extremities grow before the __, and the _ grow before the __
distal; proximal; legs; trunk
Girls have their peak growth spurt __ years before boys
2
Because ___ levels are high during the neonatal period, high levels of __ can lead to estrogen or testosterone and form ___ __
gonadotropin; fsh; ovarian cysts
During childhood, something central suppresses the ___
HPG axis, FSH, LH
__ is a prepuberty marker of GnRH
LH
An initial sign of puberty is a nighttime surge of
LH
_ testosterone is needed for sperm production
local
__ NT may inhibit GnRH
GABA
Increased ___ may be associated with delayed puberty
NPY
__ is the hormone product of the ob gene and regulates __ and __ maturation
leptin; appetite; sexual
Leptin doesn’t provide the signal which starts the pulsatile release of
GnRH
Another key hormone is ___ in the starting of the GnRH release
kisspeptin
___ status is probably the most important factor in starting menarche
nutritional
Exposure to __ may cause early puberty, same with diethylhexyphenatle
BPA
Environmental factors may act on transcription through
epigenetics
