Female Sex Hormones

Question 1

During the menstrual cycle, estrogen is made by the __ during the first 14 days then by the __ __ for the last half

Answer 1

follicle; corpus luteum

Question 2

During pregnancy estrogen is made by the

Answer 2

fetal placental unit

Question 3

Female sex hormones are derived from ___ and are converted by ___

Answer 3

testosterone; aromatase

Question 4

Estrogen is needed for both female sexual maturation and ____ closing

Answer 4

epiphyseal

Question 5

Estrogen is vaso___ and increases blood ___ and is cardio___

Answer 5

dilatory; coagulation; protective

Question 6

In the liver, estrogen increases production of ___ and __

Answer 6

leptin; globulin

Question 7

Estrogen promotes the apoptosis of ____ (bone)

Answer 7

osteoclasts

Question 8

Progesterone is produced by the ___ in the non-pregnant state and ___ in the pregnant state

Answer 8

corpus luteum; placenta

Question 9

Progesterone renders the uterus refractory to

Answer 9

oxytocin

Question 10

RU-486 is a classic ___ type _antagonist

Answer 10

progesterone type II

Question 11

Estrogens are given in girls with ____ __ to preserve bone growth

Answer 11

primary hypogonadism

Question 12

Estrogen is used on a __ __ basis for menopause symptoms due to the risk of MI and uterine cancer

Answer 12

short term

Question 13

___ suppresses estrogen dependent breast cancer but is an agonist in the ___ so it may cause cancer

Answer 13

Tamoxifen; uterus

Question 14

Raloxifene suppresses growth in both the __ and the __

Answer 14

breast; uterus

Question 15

___ inhibitors are used in estrogen receptor positive breast cancers

Answer 15

Aromatase

Question 16

___ is responsible for genital and areolar pigmentation

Answer 16

estrogen

Question 17

Estrogen is responsible for __ redistrubtion

Answer 17

fat

Question 18

Estrogen increases these two blood lipids

Answer 18

HDL, triglycerides

Question 19

Estrogen is higher in the __ phase of the cycle and progesterone is higher in the ___ phase

Answer 19

follicular; luteal

Question 20

Type I antagonists act how?

Answer 20

Binding to steroid receptor and blocking its interaction with the GRE/HRE

Question 21

Type II antagonists act by recruiting ___ after binding to ___

Answer 21

co-repressors; HRE/GRE

Question 22

EPT reduces the risk of __ cancer

Answer 22

colon

Question 23

Estrogen therapy alone increases the risk of __ and __ cancer

Answer 23

endometrium; breast

Question 24

SERMs cause the ERE to recruit either __ or __ depending on the confirmation of the tissue which makes it a type __ agonist

Answer 24

co-repressors; co-agonists; III; IV

Question 25

Tamoxifen and Raloxifene are both tumor___

Answer 25

tumoristatic