Pregnancy

Question 1

Pregnant women have mechanical changes of the ___ __ and ___ to increase respiration; they’re also more congested due to ___

Answer 1

sternal angle; diaphragm; estrogen

Question 2

Pregnant women increase ___ volume at the expense of the ____ volumes making them prone to respiratory issues. They also increase their ___ ventilaltion

Answer 2

tidal; reserve; minute

Question 3

__ of pregnancy results in increased breathing and is benign

Answer 3

dyspnea

Question 4

____ output can increase 40-50% during pregnancy

Answer 4

cardiac

Question 5

Term uterus gets __% of the cardiac output

Answer 5

17

Question 6

Maternal position can compress the ___ and make women feel tired/faint

Answer 6

IVC

Question 7

Progesterone drops peripheral _____ ___

Answer 7

vascular resistance

Question 8

___ murmurs are NOT normal

Answer 8

diastolic

Question 9

Pregnancy increases __ volume and can cause

Answer 9

water; edema

Question 10

The max blood volume for a pregnant woman comes at

Answer 10

30-32 weeks

Question 11

Physiologic __ of pregnancy may be caused by higher ratio of __ to __ blood cells

Answer 11

anemia; white; red

Question 12

Pregnancy is a ____ state (blood)

Answer 12

hypercoagulable

Question 13

There is an increase in ___ (clot) during pregnancy too

Answer 13

fibrinogen

Question 14

Progesterone dilates the ___ (retroperitoneal structure), causing an increased rate of infection in the right ___. It also decreases __ (protein)

Answer 14

ureters; kidney; creatine

Question 15

Progesterone effects on GI emptying- __ emptying of the stomach and gall bladder, the latter of which may cause ___

Answer 15

slower; stones

Question 16

LFTs are __ during pregnancy, and liver made proteins like certain clotting factors __

Answer 16

normal; increase

Question 17

Nausea and vomiting may be caused by increased

Answer 17

hCG

Question 18

Occiput anterior is the ___ position for a babies birth and its face ___

Answer 18

best; down

Question 19

Labor is both uterine ___ with cervical ___

Answer 19

contractions; dilations

Question 20

Cervical effacement is the breakdown of cervical ___ and the __ pull of the cervical tissue

Answer 20

collagen; upward

Question 21

Prostaglandin E and F are important for contraction and are produced by the ___ and __

Answer 21

decidua; myometrium

Question 22

The oxytocin gene is upregulated by

Answer 22

estrogen

Question 23

Full term is from __ weeks to ___ weeks and 6 days

Answer 23

39; 40

Question 24

The first stage of labor has the cervix dilated _ cm in the latent phase and then dilating _ cm/hour in the active stage

Answer 24

6; 1

Question 25

__ is when the baby’s head enters the pelvic brim

Answer 25

engagement

Question 26

In the second cardinal movement, the baby __ its head to get through the pelvis

Answer 26

flexes

Question 27

Immediately post partum the excess __ must mobilize and may cause __ of the feet

Answer 27

fluid; edema

Question 28

A complete 4th degree post partum tear extends all the way into the

Answer 28

rectum

Question 29

Shoulder __ is when the shoulder gets stuck behind the pubic symphysis

Answer 29

dystocia

Question 30

Three P’s of birth

Answer 30

Passenger, passage, position