Proteins & AA Toxic Principles Flashcards
What plant has dimethyl sulfide as a toxic principle?
Mustard
What do mustard plants cause when ingested?
Attack RBC causing Heinz body anemia and hemolytic anemia
What are some examples of diterpine esters? (Hint: these plants are in the upper level corner by the DI lab)
Chenille plant Cat tail Croton Candle cactus Crown of thorns Poinsettia Pencil tree Sandbox Wild physicnut
What is the effect of the toxic principle diterpene ester?
Activate protein kinase C leading to GI signs and ulcers
What two plants are in the heath family which possess grayanotoxin as their toxic principle.
Azalea and Rhododendron
“Heath was driving down the gray road and saw an azalea and threw up (GI signs) and ended up getting aspiration pneumonia”
What is the MOA of the azlalea and rhododendron plants?
Bind Na channel causing GI signs and leading to aspiration pneumonia
What are the two plants that are considered lectins?
Castor bean and precatory bean
What are the two toxins that are associated with the lectin class of plants?
Phytotoxin and toxalbumin
How do the castor bean and precatory beans work?
Must break the seeds
MOA: inhibition of protein synthesis leading to GI hemorrhage
What is the toxic principle of the china berry plant?
Meliatoxin (and resin)
What are the effects of the china berry plant?
Entero/neurotoxic effects
What are two common plants that are considered to be classified as propyl disulfide?
Onion and garlic
What is the MOA of propyl disulfide plants?
Free radical formation leading to Heinz body anemia and hemolysis and abortion
What is the plant that is classified as a tetradymol?
Horsebrush
What signs are seen if an animal ingests horsebrush?
Liver signs- can’t eliminate phylloerythrin —> photosensitization and skin necrosis in SHEEP
