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RUSVM Tox '18 > Acid Plants > Flashcards

Acid Plants Flashcards

1
Q

What are the plants that are contained in the insoluble Ca oxalate family?

A 
Chinese evergreen
Dumbcane
Elephant ear
Calla Lilly 
Peace Lilly
Arrowhead
Devils Ivy
Caladium
Philodendron
Umbrella tree
Fishtail
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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of insoluble Ca oxalate plants?

A

Mechanical damage due to the Ca oxalate crystals causing direct irritation to the lips, mouth, MM and throat

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3
Q

Which plant specifically releases kinin and histamine?

A

Dumbcane- Insoluble Ca Oxalate

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action of solubl Ca oxalate plants?

A

These plants cause accumulation of Ca Ox precipitates leading to HYPOcalcemia and kidney damage

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5
Q

What are the examples of the plants associated in the Soluble Ca Oxalate classification system?

A 
Halogeten 
Sorrel/Soursop
Beets
Pigweed
Greasewood
Purslane
Lamb quarter
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6
Q

What are two specific signs seen with pigweed ingestion besides the hypocalcemia and renal damage?

A

Methemoglobinemia and abortion

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7
Q

What are three clinical signs associated with sorrel ingestion?

A

Tenany, recumbency and acute renal failure

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8
Q

What plant causes vasoconstriction leading to fetal cortisol release causing fetal abortion and what is the toxic principle associated with it?

A

Ponderosa Pine —> Isocupressic Acid

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9
Q

What are the two main plants classified as a qui one?

A

St. John and buckwheat

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10
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with St. John and Buckwheat?

A

Primary photosensitization leading to edema, pruritus, necrosis, erythema and secondary bacterial infections

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11
Q

What toxic principle is associated with Oak and Pride of Barbados?

A

Tannic acid

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12
Q

What is the MOA of tannic acid plants?

A

Astringents (cell death) leading to GI (constipation, atony and anorexia)+ Kidney damage (hemoglobinuria and brown pee)

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13
Q

What is the major plant that is classified as a Titerpene Acid?

A

LANTANA

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14
Q

What is special about the smell of Lantana plants?

A

Smell like mint (looks like mint too)

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15
Q

What are the CS of lantana ingestion?

A

Depression, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, icterus, erythema, swelling, necrosis and sloughing.

  1. Liver damage
  2. Encephalopathy
  3. Hepatic photosensitization
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16
Q

Which species are susceptible and resistant to titerpine acid plants?

A

Lantana is the plant

Horses are resistant and Ruminants are susceptible

RUSVM Tox '18 (22 decks)

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