Ionophore tox

Question 1

What is the most common Ionophore you will be dealing with when you score that DVM?

Answer 1

MONENSIN

Question 2

Ionophores are in what group...
A rodenticide 
A plant related thing
A Fungicide 
A feed and Water thing
orrrrr a Metal?

Answer 2

Well lets be real… the answer is in the name IONophore its dealing with Ions so…Food and WATER

Question 3

OKAY you go meet Farmer Earl down the road he tells you the kids got into the ionophores again. Earl has a cow (named Bessy) a horse (named Ed) and a chicken (named dinner). Mostly Earl is concerned about dinner. What should you tell him..

Answer 3

Dinner (the Chicken) will be FINE

Tox: Horse> cattle> chicken

Question 4

Ionophore toxicity in the horse and cow are what you are concerned about (I hope). What should you tell Earl about Ed (the horse).

Answer 4

Equine are the most sensitive to ionophores, BUT if the horse ingested the ONLY the cows food and it had the recommended levels of ionophores for cattle then…the horse will NOT be poisoned (AKA it takes a lot)

Question 5

Other than INC tox of ionophores what else can tiamulin do?

Answer 5

It can be used for mycoplasma (this was some really long tangent Shockry went on)

Question 6

ruminants absorb ___% of the ionophore?

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

Monensin (the most common one) will or will not accumulate in the tissues of an animal when given in a high dose?

Answer 7

IT WILL NOT accumulate

Question 8

What metabolizes ionophores in yo body?

Answer 8

YOUR p-450 oxidative demethylation enzymes by golly

Question 9

How does the ionophore get excreted

Answer 9

excreted in your bile

Question 10

The MOA for ionophores is realll long just tell me what gradient is being disrupted and is Na INC/DEC and Ca INC/Dec? and ATP inc/dec?

Answer 10

disrupts the electrochemical gradient
Na INC
Ca INC
ATP DEC

Question 11

We know the Ion concentration gradient is disrupted, BUT WHERE?

Answer 11

excitable cells:
neurons
MYOCARDIUM
SKELETAL/SMOOTH M.

Question 12

Enough of the Dr. talk…back to Earl and his farm. SO the horse does indeed have ionophore tox (sad)….and we were to late (extra sad). You do a necropsy on the horse where are the lesions?

Answer 12

Horse & cow:
Mainly cardiac muscle lesions
(pale Cardiac M., white streaks of necrosis.

Can also have skeletal M lesion

Question 13

You should be a good Dr and confirm the horse had Ionophore tox send some samples…of what though?

Answer 13

GI content, liver and feces

Question 14

CLIN PATH Throw back…

with ionophore tox what will be elevated?

Answer 14

CPK- crea phosphokinase
AST- asparate transaminase
LDH- lactic dehydrogen
ALP-Alkaline phosphatase

now how to remember that hmm..
CREAtive AStronauts LACking ALcohol

Question 15

Will the Serum Ca of an ionophore inflicted animal be inc/ dec/ norm

Answer 15

DEC -because all the Ca took a trip to follow Na across the mountains range of the body

Question 16

I’m just going to list this cuz I hate tox…just listen:

ionophore poisonous plants–>Turn it over

Answer 16

Skeletal M:
-coffee senna 
-coyotillo
-white snake root
Cardiac 
-oleander
-taxus
-milkweek
-vetch
DONT WASTE your BRAIN SPACE EW

Question 17

Earl wants you to Treat the cow…whats the verdict on that actually happening?

Answer 17

NO antidote
Remove medicated feed
Dec Absorption
-activated charcoal
-mineral oil
-Vit E/ Sel may dec muscle damage

Question 18

Last thing..so the electrochemical gradient is messed up, Na & Ca are INC…why did the cells die- BE GENERAL

Answer 18

disruption of homeostasis

Question 19

What are the long term effects in cattle due to monensin

Answer 19

DEATH- due to lesions in myocardium

Question 20

The PCV of a ionophore tox animal will be?

Answer 20

INCREASED along with all the clin path things..

CPK, AST, LDH, ALT- creative astronauts lack alcohol