problem set 7 Flashcards
LACKS: lipid classification by structure structure products from reactions
1
Q
compounds which have a glycerol backbone
A
- phospholipids
- fats
- glycolipids
2
Q
compounds with NO glycerol backbone
A
- fatty acids
- sphingolipids
- steroids
- waxes
3
Q
WATER SOLUBLE
A
- galactose
- triose
- a salt of a fatty acid
- soap
4
Q
NOT water soluble
A
- oils
- steroids
- fats
- wax
- cellulose
5
Q
CO2
A
slide
6
Q
steroid hormone
A
slide
7
Q
fatty acid
A
slide
8
Q
amino acid
A
protein channels
9
Q
cholesterol
A
slide
10
Q
glucose
A
protein channel
11
Q
starch
A
cannot enter
12
Q
lactose
A
cannot enter
13
Q
diethylether
A
soluble
14
Q
ribose
A
protein channel
15
Q
ethanol
A
protein channel
16
Q
glycerol
A
protein channel
17
Q
a protein hormone
A
cannot enter
18
Q
Saponifiable compounds
A
- wax
- triglyceride
- phosphoglyceride
- glycolipid
- oil
19
Q
NON saponifiable
A
a. steroids
b. fatty acid
c. prostaglandin
20
Q
contains hydrophilic end
A
- phospholipids
- cephalin
- lecithin
- soap
21
Q
NO hydrophilic end
A
a. steroid
b. triglycerides
c. fats
d. oils
e. waxes
22
Q
Most polar
a. triglyceride
b. waxes
c. oils
d. fats
e. phospholipids
A
phospholipids
23
Q
lowest melting point
CH3(CH2)10COOH
CH3(CH2)12COOH
CH3(CH2)6COOH
A
CH3(CH2)12COOH
most carbons
24
Q
good cholesterol
A
HDL
25
transports most of the cholesterol to the cells
LDL
26
carries triglycerides from the intestine to the fat cells
VLDL
27
has the greatest abundance of protein
HDL
28
transports cholesterol to the liver
HDL
29
the least dense of the three of proteins
HDL
30
carries triglycerides synthesized in the liver to the muscles
VLDL
31
bad cholesterol
LDL
32
which contains phospholipids and proteins
VLDL
HDL
LDL
33
components of
| cholesterol
steroid structure
34
components of
| arachidonic acid
fatty acid
35
components of
| choline
amine alcohol
36
components of
| aldosterone
steroid structure
37
components of
| olestra
sucrose
| fatty acid
38
components of
| estrogen
steroid structure
39
components of
| glycolipid
galactose
glycerol
40
components of
| beeswax
fatty acid
long chain alcohol
41
components of
| olive oil
glycerol
fatty acid
42
components of
| glycogen
glucose
43
components of
| lecithin
glycerol
fatty acid
phosphate
amine alcohol
44
components of
| butter
glycerol
fatty acid
45
components of
| vitamin D
steroid structure
46
components of
| cephalin
glycerol
fatty acid
phosphate
amine alcohol
47
progesterone
steroid structure
48
dextrin
glucose
49
lecithin
3chains
double bond, amine
glycerol
fatty acid
phosphate
amine alcohol
50
wax
CH3(CH2)28CH2-O-C(CH2)14CH3
fatty acid
long chain alcohol
51
fat
glycerol
| fatty acid
52
cell membrane
phospholipids
53
enzyme 1 causes compound B to be released
| name enzyme
phospholipase
54
compound B
| coming from phospholipase
arachidonic acid
55
what kind of compound is aracidonic acid
fatty acid
56
enzyme 2 is used to convert B to C what is the name of enzyme 2
cyclooxygenase
57
what types of compounds are D E F
prostaglandins
58
what prescription anti-inflammatory inhibits enzyme 1
| phospholipase
cortisone
59
what over the counter inhibits enzyme 2
| cyclooxygenase
aspirin
60
what prescription drug is used to inhibit one form of the enzyme and not the other
celebrex
VIOXX
61
what compound is used to synthesize cholesterol
acetyl CoA
62
where is cholesterol made
liver
63
where is excess cholesterol not needed by the body transported
gallbladder
64
excess cholesterol might accidentally precipitate out as
gall stones
65
what steroid hormone regulate Na+ and K+ ions and promotes water retention
aldosterone
66
what steroid hormone regulates the conversion of proteins to carbohydrates
cortisone
67
what is the emulsifier found in egg yolks
lecithin
68
what kinds of lipids are found in the cell membrane (3)
1. phospholipids
2. glycolipids
3. cholesterol
69
what are the products of saponification of a fat
glycerol
| 3 salts of fatty acids
70
cholesterol is used to synthesize what three types of compounds
steroid hormones
vitamin D
bile salts
71
what general structure feature do phosphatides share with soap
ionic end
hydrophilic
72
what structural feature is found in most prostaglandins
5 carbon ring
73
what functional group is found in a saponifiable lipid which is NOT found in a NONsaponifiable lipi
ester linkage
74
lack of enzyme to metabolize glycolipids may cause what diseases
Niemann- Pick
Gancher's
Tay Sachs
75
what functions doe fat serve in the body
1. energy
2. insulation
3. protection of vital organs
76
can waxes be converted into a soap
yes but difficult
77
what are the differences between a fat and an oil
oil is unsaturated fatty acid
78
why do unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fatty acids
cis double bonds cause "bonds" = do not stack well
79
how do the products of the acid hydrolysis and base hydrolysis of fat differ
acid hydrolysis= fatty acids
base hydrolysis=
salts of fatty acids
80
why does coconut oil (veggie) have a melting point similar to fats from animal sources
it has very few double bonds
