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Biochem > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

0
Q

Non glycerol backbone

A
    • fatty acids
    • sphingolipids
    • steroids
    • waxes
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1
Q

Glycerol “backbone”

A
    • phospholipids
    • fats
    • glycolipids
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2
Q

Water soluble

A
    • galactose
    • triose
    • salt of fatty acid
    • soap
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3
Q

Non water soluble

A
    • oils
    • steroids
    • fats
    • wax
    • cellulose
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4
Q

CO2

A

Slide through

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5
Q

Steroid hormone

A

Slide

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6
Q

Protein hormone

A

Cannot enter

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7
Q

Fatty acid

A

Slide

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8
Q

Amino acid

A

Protein channel

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9
Q

Sucrose

A

Cannot enter

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10
Q

Cholesterol

A

Slide

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11
Q

Glucose

A

Protein channel

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12
Q

Starch

A

Cannot enter

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13
Q

Lactose

A

Cannot enter

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14
Q

Diethylether

A

Slide

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15
Q

Ribose

A

Protein channels

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16
Q

Ethanol

A

Protein channel

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17
Q

Glycerol

A

Protein channel

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18
Q

Not saponifiable

A

Steroid
Fatty acid
Prostaglandin

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19
Q

Saponifiable

A 
Wax
Triglyceride
Phosphoglyceride
Glycolipid
Oil
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20
Q

Hydrophilic end

A

Phospholipid
Cephalin
Lecithin
Soap

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21
Q

Non hydrophilic end

A 
Steroids
Triglycerides
Fats
Oils
Waxes
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22
Q

Most polar

Triglyceride
Wax
Oil 
Fat
Phospholipids
A

Phospholipids

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23
Q

Lowest melting point

A

Faty acid 18 carbons and several Cis double bonds

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24
Q

Highest melting point

A

CH3(CH2)12COOH

Highest number of carbons

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25
Q

Called “good” cholesterol

A

HDL

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26
Q

Transport most of the cholesterol to the cells

A

LDL

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27
Q

Carries triglycerides from the intestine to the fat cell

A

VLDL

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28
Q

Has greatest abundance of protein

29
Q

Transports cholesterol to liver

30
Q

The least dense of the three lipoproteins

31
Q

Carries triglycerides synthesized in the liver to the muscle

32
Q

Called “bad” cholesterol

33
Q

Contains phospholipids and proteins

A

VLDL
LDL
HDL

34
Q

Cholesterol

35
Q

Arachidonic acid

A

Fatty acid

36
Q

Choline

A

Amine alcohol

37
Q

Aldosterone

38
Q

Olestra

A

Sucrose

Fatty acid

39
Q

Estrogen

40
Q

Glycolipid

A

Glucose
Galactose
Glycerol
Fatty acid

41
Q

Beeswax

A

Fatty acid

Long chain alcohol

42
Q

Olive oil

A

Glycerol

Fatty acid

43
Q

Glycogen

44
Q

Lecithin

A

Glycerol
Fatty acid
Phosphate
Amine alcohol

45
Q

Butter

A

Glycerol

Fatty acid

46
Q

Vitamin d

47
Q

Cephalin

A

Glycerol
Fatty acid
Phosphate
Amine alcohol

48
Q

Progesterone

49
Q

Dextrin

50
Q

What compound is used to synthesize cholesterol

A

Acetyl coA

51
Q

Where is cholesterol made

52
Q

Where is excess cholesterol not needed by the body transported

A

Gallbladder

53
Q

This excess cholesterol might accidentally precipitate out as what

A

Gall stones

54
Q

What steroid hormone regulates Na+ and K+ ions and promotes water retention

A

Aldosterone

55
Q

What steroid hormones regulates the conversion of proteins to carbohydrates

A

Cortisone

Cortisol

56
Q

Emulsifier found in egg yolk

57
Q

What kinds of lipids are found in the cell membrane

A

Phospholipid
Glycolipid
Cholesterol

58
Q

Products of saponification of a fat

A

Glycerol

3 salts of fatty acids

59
Q

Cholesterol is used to synthesize what three types of compounds

A

Steroid hormones
Vitamin D
Bile salts

60
Q

What general structural feature do phosphatides share with soaps

A

Ionic end

Hydrophilic

61
Q

What structural feature Is found in most prostaglandins

A

5 carbon ring

62
Q

Functional group found in a saponifiable lipid which is not found in a nonsaponifiable lipid

A

Ester linkage

63
Q

Lack of an enzyme to metabolize glycolipids may cause what diseases

A

Niemann pick

Gauchers

Tay-Sachs

64
Q

Functions of fat in the body

A

Energy

Insulation

Protection of vital organs

65
Q

Can wax be converted to soap

A

Yes but difficult

66
Q

Difference between fat and oil

A

Oil is unsaturated fatty acid

67
Q

Why do unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fats

A

Cis double bonds cause “bonds” = do not stack well

68
Q

How do products of the acid hydrolysis and base hydrolysis of fat differ

A

Acid hydrolysis = fatty acids

Base hydrolysis =salt of fatty acid

69
Q

Why does coconut oil (veggie oil) have a melting point similar to fats from animal sources

A

It has very few double bonds

Biochem (27 decks)

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