Lipids Flashcards
0
Q
Non glycerol backbone
A
- fatty acids
- sphingolipids
- steroids
- waxes
1
Q
Glycerol “backbone”
A
- phospholipids
- fats
- glycolipids
2
Q
Water soluble
A
- galactose
- triose
- salt of fatty acid
- soap
3
Q
Non water soluble
A
- oils
- steroids
- fats
- wax
- cellulose
4
Q
CO2
A
Slide through
5
Q
Steroid hormone
A
Slide
6
Q
Protein hormone
A
Cannot enter
7
Q
Fatty acid
A
Slide
8
Q
Amino acid
A
Protein channel
9
Q
Sucrose
A
Cannot enter
10
Q
Cholesterol
A
Slide
11
Q
Glucose
A
Protein channel
12
Q
Starch
A
Cannot enter
13
Q
Lactose
A
Cannot enter
14
Q
Diethylether
A
Slide
15
Q
Ribose
A
Protein channels
16
Q
Ethanol
A
Protein channel
17
Q
Glycerol
A
Protein channel
18
Q
Not saponifiable
A
Steroid
Fatty acid
Prostaglandin
19
Q
Saponifiable
A
Wax Triglyceride Phosphoglyceride Glycolipid Oil
20
Q
Hydrophilic end
A
Phospholipid
Cephalin
Lecithin
Soap
21
Q
Non hydrophilic end
A
Steroids Triglycerides Fats Oils Waxes
22
Q
Most polar
Triglyceride Wax Oil Fat Phospholipids
A
Phospholipids
23
Q
Lowest melting point
A
Faty acid 18 carbons and several Cis double bonds
24
Highest melting point
CH3(CH2)12COOH
Highest number of carbons
25
Called "good" cholesterol
HDL
26
Transport most of the cholesterol to the cells
LDL
27
Carries triglycerides from the intestine to the fat cell
VLDL
28
Has greatest abundance of protein
HDL
29
Transports cholesterol to liver
HDL
30
The least dense of the three lipoproteins
VLDL
31
Carries triglycerides synthesized in the liver to the muscle
VLDL
32
Called "bad" cholesterol
LDL
33
Contains phospholipids and proteins
VLDL
LDL
HDL
34
Cholesterol
Steroid
35
Arachidonic acid
Fatty acid
36
Choline
Amine alcohol
37
Aldosterone
Steroid
38
Olestra
Sucrose
Fatty acid
39
Estrogen
Steroid
40
Glycolipid
Glucose
Galactose
Glycerol
Fatty acid
41
Beeswax
Fatty acid
Long chain alcohol
42
Olive oil
Glycerol
Fatty acid
43
Glycogen
Glucose
44
Lecithin
Glycerol
Fatty acid
Phosphate
Amine alcohol
45
Butter
Glycerol
| Fatty acid
46
Vitamin d
Steroid
47
Cephalin
Glycerol
Fatty acid
Phosphate
Amine alcohol
48
Progesterone
Hormone
49
Dextrin
Glucose
50
What compound is used to synthesize cholesterol
Acetyl coA
51
Where is cholesterol made
Liver
52
Where is excess cholesterol not needed by the body transported
Gallbladder
53
This excess cholesterol might accidentally precipitate out as what
Gall stones
54
What steroid hormone regulates Na+ and K+ ions and promotes water retention
Aldosterone
55
What steroid hormones regulates the conversion of proteins to carbohydrates
Cortisone
| Cortisol
56
Emulsifier found in egg yolk
Lecithin
57
What kinds of lipids are found in the cell membrane
Phospholipid
Glycolipid
Cholesterol
58
Products of saponification of a fat
Glycerol
| 3 salts of fatty acids
59
Cholesterol is used to synthesize what three types of compounds
Steroid hormones
Vitamin D
Bile salts
60
What general structural feature do phosphatides share with soaps
Ionic end
| Hydrophilic
61
What structural feature Is found in most prostaglandins
5 carbon ring
62
Functional group found in a saponifiable lipid which is not found in a nonsaponifiable lipid
Ester linkage
63
Lack of an enzyme to metabolize glycolipids may cause what diseases
Niemann pick
Gauchers
Tay-Sachs
64
Functions of fat in the body
Energy
Insulation
Protection of vital organs
65
Can wax be converted to soap
Yes but difficult
66
Difference between fat and oil
Oil is unsaturated fatty acid
67
Why do unsaturated fatty acids have lower melting points than saturated fats
Cis double bonds cause "bonds" = do not stack well
68
How do products of the acid hydrolysis and base hydrolysis of fat differ
Acid hydrolysis = fatty acids
Base hydrolysis =salt of fatty acid
69
Why does coconut oil (veggie oil) have a melting point similar to fats from animal sources
It has very few double bonds
