Practice Test 3

Question 1

Chromatin makes up _________________________. Chromatin is made of _________________ wrapped around proteins.

Answer 1

chromosomes
DNA

Question 2

__________________ cells have two sets of chromosomes (two of each chromosome), while __________________ cells have only one set of chromosomes (one of each chromosome).

Answer 2

diploid
haploid

Question 3

Replicated (copied) chromosomes are called ______________________________, while a single, unreplicated chromosome is called a _____________________________.

Answer 3

sister chromatid
chromatid

Question 4

Which of the following would be homologous chromosomes?
chromosome #1 (from mom) and chromosome #1 (from dad)
chromosome #4 (from mom) and chromosome #18 (from dad)
chromosome #7 (from mom) and chromosome #8 (from dad)
chromosome #2 (from mom) and chromosome #5 (from dad)

Answer 4

a

Question 5

Centromeres hold ______________ together

Answer 5

sister chromatids

Question 6

Match each phase of the cell cycle on the left with its description:
G1 Phase, G2 phase, S Phase
Organelles are doubled
Proteins are built
DNA is replicated

Answer 6

G1 organelles
G2 protiens
S DNA

Question 7

During what stage of mitosis does the DNA condense into chromosomes?

Answer 7

prophase

Question 8

During which stage of meiosis are sister chromatids lined up in the middle of the cell?

Answer 8

metaphase II

Question 9

Which phase is when the cell begins to split and still has two homologous chromosomes instead of sister chromatids

Answer 9

Telophase I

Question 10

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is that in mitosis the ______________ are lined up and separated resulting in diploid daughter cells, while in meiosis I the _____________ are lined up and separated resulting in haploid daughter cells.

Answer 10

sister chromatids
homologous chromosomes

Question 11

___________ is the random lining up of homologous chromosomes in the middle of the cell during meiosis that creates genetic diversity in the daughter cells.

Answer 11

independent assortment

Question 12

Which of the following occurs during prophase I of meiosis?

Answer 12

crossing over

Question 13

What is non disjuction

Answer 13

when the chromosomes don’t split so you have one cell with both sister chromatids and one with none.

Question 14

A person with __________________ has the genotype XXX or XXXX and is genetically female.

Answer 14

poly-x

Question 15

The ability of cancer cells to form blood vessels to nourish tumors is called _________________

Answer 15

angiogenesis

Question 16

Cancer cells lack ______________________, which means that they continue to divide even if they bump into another cell.

Answer 16

contact inhibition

Question 17

___________ usher cells through the cell cycle; they also trigger the next stage in line.

Answer 17

cyclins

Question 18

_____________ code for cyclins, while ______________ code for checkpoint proteins.

Answer 18

proto-oncogenes
tumor suppressor genes

Question 19

A MUTATED ___________ would result in checkpoint proteins that do not stop the cell cycle to make repairs.

Answer 19

tumor suppressor gene

Question 20

In it’s NORMAL form, ________ activates apoptosis in cells that are damaged

Answer 20

p53

Question 21

_____________________ is most likely used for metastasized cancer.

Answer 21

chemotherapy

Question 22

Radiation is the best option for cancer that:

Answer 22

is localized