Meiosis Chapter 19

Question 1

Of your 46 chromosomes, 23 come from your mom and 23 come from your dad. The chromosomes from mom and the chromosomes from dad pair up in the nucleus of your cell. These pairs carry genes for the same traits. These pairs are called ________ ________

Answer 1

homologous chromosomes

Question 2

When homologous chromosomes lines up side by side its called __________.

Answer 2

synapsis

Question 3

The presence of a chromosome segment to another non-homologous chromosome is called ________ _______.

Answer 3

crossing over

Question 4

A __________ occurs when an end of a chromosome breaks off

Answer 4

translocation

Question 5

An _______ is when a segment of a chromosome is turned around 180 degrees

Answer 5

inversion

Question 6

males taller than average, persistent acne, speech and reading problems, fertile, XYY

Answer 6

Jacob’s Syndrome

Question 7

females are short, folds of skin on back and neck, do not undergo puberty, normal behavior, X

Answer 7

Turner Syndrome

Question 8

females have no distinctive phenotype, may have delayed language/motor development, extra Barr bodies, XXX or XXXX

Answer 8

Poly-X

Question 9

Males are infertile without medical help, speech/language delays, XXY or XXXY

Answer 9

Klinefelter Syndrome

Question 9

Meiosis is necessary for _________ reproduction

Answer 9

sexual

Question 10

Meiosis creates ____ daughter cells

Answer 10

4

Question 11

Daughter cells have _ of each type of chromosome or _____ as many as the parent cell

Answer 11

1
half

Question 12

This process reduces the number of chromosomes in daughter cells

Answer 12

reduction division

Question 13

The process makes sure that each of the resulting daughter cells is not a genetic replicate of the parent cell, but have a new combination of genetic material

Answer 13

genetic division

Question 14

Homologous chromosomes pair during synapsis allowing for crossing over to occur and introduces genetic diversity

Answer 14

prophase I

Question 15

Independent assortment occurs when homologous chromosomes pair along the _________ plate in _______ __

Answer 15

metaphase
metaphase I

Question 16

Homologous chromosomes sepreate, pull to opposite pole by centromeric spindle fibers

Answer 16

Anaphase I

Question 17

Daughter cells have 1 chromosome from each homologous pair

Answer 17

Telophase I

Question 18

Chromosomes still consist of 2 chromatids

Answer 18

cytokinesisWh

Question 19

What does meiosis II result in?

Answer 19

4 haploid (single set of unpaired chromosomes) daughter cells

Question 20

Cells have 1 chromosome from each homologous pair

Answer 20

prophase II

Question 21

Chromosomes align at metaphase plate

Answer 21

Metaphase II

Question 22

Daughter chromosomes move toward poles

Answer 22

Anaphase II

Question 23

Spindle disappears, nuclei form, and cytokinesis takes place

Answer 23

Telophase II

Question 24

Cytoplasmic division of cell that makes them seperate into 2 daughter cells

Answer 24

Cytokinesis

Question 25

The exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes

Answer 25

crossing over

Question 26

Homologous pairs align independently at the equator, there is no specific order in which they line up

Answer 26

independent assortment

Question 27

Too few or too many ________ can create sever abnormalities
What checkpoint should catch this?

Answer 27

chromosomes
spindle checkpoint

Question 28

When chromatids fail to separate from each other

Answer 28

nondisjunction

Question 29

The absence of a chromosome

Answer 29

monosomy

Question 30

Inheritance of an extra chromosome
Autosomal ___ are lethal with the exception of ___ 21

Answer 30

Trisomy

Question 31

Extra protein causes developmental and intellectual disabilities in down syndrome or _____ ___

Answer 31

Trisomy 21