Mitosis Chapter 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Assist in the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next

A

chromosome

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2
Q

these makeup a chromosomes. They are two identical parts

A

sister chromatids

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3
Q

A display which shows chromosomes arranged in pairs

A

karyotype

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4
Q

An orderly process composed of interphase and cell division

A

cell cycle

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5
Q

DNA and proteins

A

chromatin

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6
Q

the cell doubles its organelles to prepare for cell division

A

G1 stage

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7
Q

A copy is made of all the DNA in a cell

A

S stage

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8
Q

The cell buikds all the proteins needed for cell division

A

G2 stage

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9
Q

Holds the chromatids together

A

centromere

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10
Q

The cell spends most of its time in this phase

A

interphase

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11
Q

The division of the cytoplasm

A

cytokinesis

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12
Q

Division of the nucleus

A

mitosis

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13
Q

The checkpoint where the cell is committed to divide

A

G1 checkpoint

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14
Q

At this checkpoint, the cell verifies DNA has been replicated

A

G2 checkpoint

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15
Q

Programmed cell death

A

apoptosis

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16
Q

T/F The more chromosomes an organism has, the more complex it is

17
Q

T/F 22 of 23 chromosome pairs in humans are autosomes

18
Q

T/F All cells in the human body undergo mitosis

19
Q

The cell that divides is called the

A

parent cell

20
Q

The new cells are called

A

daughter cells

21
Q

Presence of 2 complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s cell, each parent contributing a chromosome to each pair

A

diploid (2n)

22
Q

Presence of a single set of chromosomes in organism’s cells
duplicates the centrosome

A

haploid (n)

23
Q

Assembles the microtubules that make up the spindle fibers

A

Mitotic spindle

24
Q

Mitosis is a form of ________ reproduction

25
Mitosis creates _______ _______ ___
two daughter cells
26
The daughter cells in mitosis are _______
identical
27
What are the purposes of mitosis
Growth Repair Replace
28
Centrosomes outside nucleus duplicate and move away from eachother Spindle fibers appear between seperating centrosomes nuclear envelope begins to fragment nucleolus disappears as chromosomes condense
prophase
29
Each chromatid attached to spindle fiber and some spindle fibers stretch from each spindle pole and overlap
prometaphase
30
Centromeres align at equator spindle fibers attached to sister chromatids come from opposite spindle poles
metaphase
31
sister chromatids part and becomes daughter chromosomes that move toward spindle poles. Each receive same number and kinds of chromosomes as parental cell.
Anaphase
32
Last step of mitosis daughter cells are forming nuclear envelopes reappear nucleoli reappear chromosomes will become indistict chromatin
Telophase
33
Division of cytoplasm cleavage furrow (slight indentation) passes around circumference of cell Actin filaments form a contractile ring As ring becomes smaller, cleavage furrow pinches cell in half Cell becomes enclosed by its own plasma membrane
Cytokinesis
34