Nervous System I Chapter 14

Question 1

Consists of the brain and spinal cord

Answer 1

Central Nervous System

Question 2

Consists of nerves that lie outside the CNS

Answer 2

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 3

The nervous System receives sensory input. Sensory receptors in the skin and other organs generate nerve signals that travel by the way of the _______ and the _________

Answer 3

PNS and CNS

Question 4

The ______ performs information processing and integration. It reviews and stores the information, and creates the appropriate motor responses.

Answer 4

CNS

Question 5

The ____ generates motor output. Nerve signals from the CNS go by the way of the ____ to muscles, glands and organs

Answer 5

CNS
PNS

Question 6

What are the three types of neurons

Answer 6

sensory
interneuron
motor

Question 7

Take nerve signals from the sensory receptor to the CNS

Answer 7

sensory

Question 8

Lie in the CNS where they sum up information from the sensory neurons and communicate with motor neurons

Answer 8

Interneuron

Question 9

Take nerve impulses away from CNS to effectors

Answer 9

motor

Question 10

Receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons

Answer 10

Dendrites

Question 11

Contains the nucleus and other organelles

Answer 11

Cell body

Question 12

Conducts signal down neuron

Answer 12

Axon

Question 13

End of the neuron where signals is relayed

Answer 13

Axon terminal

Question 14

Occurs when a Neuron is not conducting a nerve impulse during an action potential

Answer 14

Resting Potential

Question 15

What is happening to Na+ and K+ at rest?

Answer 15

Na+ gathers around the outside of plasma membrane
K+ diffuses out of cell to join sodium ions
Inside of cell becomes negative

Question 16

Stimulus causes the axon to reach its threshold; the axon potential increases from ______ to _______. The action potential has begun

Answer 16

-70
-55

Question 17

Adding + ions causes inside of axon to become + compared to outside

Answer 17

depoloration

Question 18

Na+ moves to inside axon

Answer 18

depolarization

Question 19

K+ moves to outside axon

Answer 19

repolarization

Question 20

Action potential ends: repolarization occurs when ___ gates open and ___ moves to outside the axon. The _______ ______ pump returns the ions to their resting positions

Answer 20

K+
K+
sodium-potassium

Question 21

Resets for next action potential

Answer 21

refractory period

Question 22

If axon is unmyelinated, action potential at one locale stimulates an adjacent part of axon membrane to produce an action potential. Much slower because needs to stimulate each section of axon

Answer 22

Signal Propagation

Question 23

When an action potential at one node of ranvier causes an action potential at the next node, jumping over the entire myelin-coated portion of the axon

Answer 23

Saltatory Conduction

Question 24

Action potential stimulates release of ________ from axon terminal into _____ cleft

Answer 24

neurotransmitter
synaptic

Question 25

Stored in synaptic vesicles in axon terminals. Transmits signals between nerves

Answer 25

Neurotransmitters

Question 26

Neurotransmitter must be _______ to stop the signal

Answer 26

eliminated