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Human Biology > Muscle System I Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Muscle System I Chapter 13 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cylindrical
Striated (striped)
Multiple nuclei
Voluntary
Found in muscles attached to skeleton

A

Skeletal

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2
Q

Spindle (narrow cylinder, pointed ends)
Not striated (striped)
Single nuclei
Involuntary
Found in blood vessel walls and digestive tract walls

A

Smooth

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3
Q

Tubular
Striated (striped)
Single nuclei
Involuntary
Found in wall of heart

A

Cardiac

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4
Q

_____ muscles
Help us remain upright/support
Help us move our bodies and breathe
Help us release heat
Help us keep fluids circulating
Help us protect organs and hold bones together

A

skeletal

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5
Q

The plasma membrane of muscle fiber that forms T Tubules

A

Sarcolemma

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6
Q

Bundle of myofilaments that contracts

A

Myofibrials

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7
Q

Myofibrils divided vertically

A

Sarcomere

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8
Q

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle fiber that stores Ca^2+

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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9
Q

Formed by sarcolemma
penetrates into cells/ muscle fiber and conveys impulses that cause Ca^2+ to be released from SR

A

T Tubule

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10
Q

What thick myofilaments are made up of
A protein

A

Myosin

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11
Q

What thing myofilaments are made up of
a protein

A

Actin

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12
Q

1Action Potential to Skeletal muscle cell
Action potential is conducted from nervous system to the _______
Motor neurons secrete ________
This binds to receptors on sarcolemma

A

tissue
Acetylcholine/ACh

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13
Q

2Action potential on cell surface to Cell interior
Action potential travels along the sarcolemma and travels down into the membrane through a ______.
This triggers the release of ______from the ____________
Calcium ions flood the interior of the cell and find the sarcomeres

A

axon
Ach
Acon terminal

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14
Q

2.5On the ____ filaments, a protein called ___________ covers the myosin binding sites
________ is a protein bound to tropomyosin

A

Myosin
Tropomyosin
Troponin

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15
Q

3Calcium binds to _______ which pulls ______________ away, exposing the myosin binding sites.

A

troponin
tropomyosin

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16
Q

4_______ heads bind to the actin filaments to form a ___________

A

myosin
cross bridge

17
Q

5_______ pulls _____ ________ inwards in a “power stroke.”

A

myosin
axon filament

18
Q

6________ binds to ______ head and detaches it from actin filaments

A

ATP
myosin

19
Q

_______ gives the energy to cock the _____ head into the power stroke position. Head reattaches _______ to start the cycle again.

A

ATP–ADP
myosin
myosin

20
Q

_______ will continue to shorten as long as the motor neuron’s ____ _____ ______

A

sarcomeres
muscle fiber contracts

21
Q

When the signals stop, ____ is actively transported back into the __________. ________ covers myosin binding sites and the sarcomere relaxes.

A

ATP
myosin head
Tropomyosin

Human Biology (26 decks)

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