Nervous System II Chapter 14

Question 1

Both the spinal cord and the brain are protected by _____ and are wrapped in protective membranes known as _______.

Answer 1

bone
meniges

Question 2

What are the two types of brain tissue

Answer 2

Gray and White

Question 3

Consists of cell bodies and short, unmyelinated axons

Answer 3

Gray matter

Question 4

Contains myelinated axons that run together in bundles called tracts

Answer 4

White matter

Question 5

Interconnecting chambers that produce and serve as a reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 5

Ventricles

Question 6

Largest portion of the brain, divided into two hemispheres

Answer 6

Cerebrum

Question 7

Extensive bridge of nerves that allow the two cerebral hemispheres to communicate

Answer 7

Corpus Callosum

Question 8

Outer layer of gray matter that covers the hemispheres, accounts for sensation, voluntary movement and consciousness

Answer 8

Cerebral cortex

Question 9

Receives and integrates visual, auditory and somatosensory information and sends it on the appropriate part of the cerebrum

Answer 9

Thalamus

Question 10

Receives sensory input from the eyes, ears, joints and muscles to help maintain posture and balance

Answer 10

Cerebellum

Question 11

Maintains homeostasis, regulates hunger, sleep, thirst, body temperature and water balance

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Contains reflex centers from regulating heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, vomiting, coughing, sneezing and swallowing.

Answer 12

Medulla Oblongata

Question 13

has 12 pairs attached to the brain. Includes sensory and motor neurons concerned with head, neck, and facial regions

Answer 13

cranial nerves

Question 14

31 pairs contains sensory and motor neurons

Answer 14

spinal nerves

Question 15

The PNS carries its nerves into and from the ______

Answer 15

CNS

Question 16

serves skin, skeletal muscles, and tendons takes sensory information from external-sensory receptors to the CNS (controls motor action and reflexes)

Answer 16

Somatic Nervous System

Question 17

Regulates activity of cardiac and smooth muscles, organs, and glands. Includes sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Answer 17

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 18

Afferent neurons, also known as sensory neurons, carry information from the outside world into the brain or spinal cord. This information can include sensory perceptions like touch, pain, temperature, vision, hearing, smell, and taste.

Answer 18

Afferent pathway

Question 19

Efferent neurons carry info away from the brain or spinal cord to muscles, glands, and organs. This info initiates movement, such as blinking

Answer 19

Efferent pathway

Question 20

Relays info from CNS to skeletal muscles

Answer 20

Somatic motor nerves

Question 21

Relays info from CNS to smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and glands.

Answer 21

Autonomic motor nerves

Question 22

Responses for Somatic motor nerves are __________ and ____________

Answer 22

voluntary
involuntary

Question 23

Responses for Autonomic motor nerves are __________ and ___________

Answer 23

sympathetic
parasympathetic

Question 24

Heart: Rate increases
Lung: Bronchial muscle relaxation
Gastrointestinal Tract: Decreased mobility

Answer 24

sympathetic

Question 25

Heat: Rate decreased
Lung: Bronchial muscle contraction
Gastrointestinal Tract: Increased mobility

Answer 25

parasympathetic

Question 26

Calm u down

Answer 26

parasympathetic nerves

Question 27

Fight or Flight

Answer 27

Sympathetic nerves

Question 28

Type of control: Involuntary
Region of spinal cord: Thoracic and lumbar
Neurotransmitter: Norepinephrine
Effectors: Smooth and cardiac muscle, glands

Answer 28

sympathetic

Question 29

Type of control: involuntary
Region of spinal cord: Brainstem and sacral
Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine
Effectors: Smooth and cardiac muscle, glands

Answer 29

parasympathetic