Practice Management & Professional Development Flashcards

1
Q

Occupational therapy aide

A

Staff member with no formalized OT education who may provide non-skilled support to the occupational therapy process under direction and close supervision of the OT and OTA practitioner

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2
Q

Minimum Data Set (MDS)

A

A mandated component of the assessment process for all Medicare and Medicaid residents in certified nursing homes used to:
- evaluate each resident’s functional abilities
- support the formulation of an individualized care plan
- determine the Resource Utilization Category (RUG) level for reimbursement

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3
Q

Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Patient Assessment Instrument (IRF-PAI)

A

A comprehensive evaluation process that must be completed for Medicare Part A patients who receive services in the inpatient rehabilitation setting, that supports quality of care and reimbursement

This process includes:
- collecting data about the patient’s physical, cognitive, functional, and psychosocial status

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4
Q

Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS)

A

The screening tool used for clients who receive services under Medicare Part A in the home health setting to establish the Health Resource Group (HHRG) for reimbursement

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5
Q

Medicare homebound eligibility

A

A guideline outlined in the Medicare Benefit Policy Manual that defines the criteria that must be met in order to qualify for home health care

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6
Q

National Provider Identification (NPI)

A

A number issued by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) that is unique to each healthcare provider

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7
Q

Home Health Resource Group (HHRG)

A

Categories that use a client’s Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) score to determine prospective reimbursement under Medicare for home health agencies

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8
Q

Prospective Payment System (PPS)

A

A reimbursement method in which Medicare compensates the healthcare provider by using a predetermined payment schedule

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9
Q

Managed care

A

Type of health-care plan that manages care and is typically comprised of a network of providers
Types include:
- health maintenance organizations
- preferred provider organization
- point of service plans

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10
Q

Medicaid

A

A medical insurance program in the United States that provides health coverage for low income adults and children

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11
Q

Medicare Part D

A

An optional section of the federal health insurance plan in the United States that provides coverage for prescription medications

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12
Q

Informatics

A

The process of using technology to generate, organize, store, and communicate health information

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13
Q

Accountable evaluation

A

Expectation that the results of the evaluation process are:
- reliable, justifiable, and accurate
- acceptable by all stakeholders
- evidence-based and client-centered
- defensible against best practice and professional standards

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14
Q

Utilization review

A

Process of auditing health records to assess:
- necessity of services
- cost-effectiveness of services
- efficiency of services
- compliance with policies and procedures

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15
Q

Letter of medical necessity

A

Documentation that justifies the need for DME or mobility devices as reasonable and necessary based on evaluation results and evidence-based practice standards

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16
Q

Appeal letter

A

A letter written to justify and request payment for services from an insurance company or payor source that denied reimbursement

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17
Q

Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes

A

A medical coding system designed to communicate information about service provision and procedures using a uniform language
Features include:
- published by the American Medical Association
- primarily used in outpatient settings

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18
Q

Medicare Part C

A

Optional health insurance plans in the United States that are sold by private insurance companies but are approved by Medicare

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19
Q

Medicare Part B

A

A section of the federal health insurance plan in the United States that is referred to as medical insurance and provides coverage for the following:
- some physicians’ services
- outpatient care
- medical supplied
- preventative care

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20
Q

Medicare Part A

A

A section of the federal health insurance plan in the United States that is referred to as hospital insurance and covers care provided in the following settings:
- hospital
- SNF
- hospice
- home health

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21
Q

NBCOT® Disciplinary actions

A

Following an investigative process, actions taken as a consequence for violation of the Code of Conduct, as outlined by the national OT credentialing body, may include one or more of the following sanctions:
- ineligibility for certification
- reprimand
- censure
- probation
- suspension of certification
- revocation of certification

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22
Q

NBCOT® Code of Conduct

A

Guidelines of the OT national credentialing body outlining expectations of professional responsibilities for present and future occupational therapy certificants
Violation of any of the eight principles will initially result in investigation and action by the national credentialing body

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23
Q

NBCOT® Practice Standards

A

Guidelines of the OT national credentialing body outlining expectations for quality occupational therapy care, holding OTR® and COTA® certificants accountable for delivering consistent, high quality services
Consist of four sections:
- practice domains
- code of professional conduct
- supervision
- documentation

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24
Q

NBCOT® Practice Analysis Study

A

A large-scale survey design used to gather practice data from thousands of entry-level OTR® and COTA® certificants
Survey respondents are asked to rate the criticality and frequency of the major domains, tasks, and knowledge for occupational therapy
Results of the study lead to the formation of the NBCOT examination blueprints

25
Q

Performance appraisal

A

Process of receiving formal feedback on job performance from a supervisor, may include:
- establishing expectations and career goals
- accomplishment review

26
Q

NBCOT® Character Review Program

A

A process that enables the national OT certification organization to protect the public from certificants whose behaviors fall short of standards for personal and professional conduct as outlined in the NBCOT® Practice Standards and Code of Conduct

27
Q

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

A

A federal agency responsible for issuing and enforcing regulations to protect the safety and health of employees in the workplace

28
Q

Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act

A

A section of a federal law that guarantees rights to people with disabilities
It contains the following features:
- protects children and adults from discrimination based on their disability
- prohibits discrimination to major life activities
- applies to all organizations and employers who receive financial support from federal departments or agencies

29
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part D

A

A section of the IDEA that outlines activities that are conducted at the federal level to enhance the educational experience and outcomes for children with disabilities

30
Q

Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP)

A

A document mandated by Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act for children who receive services as part of the Early Intervention (EI) program
Includes the following:
- the child’s abilities and needs
- services the family will receive to meet the child’s goals
- person who is responsible for service delivery

31
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part C

A

A section of the IDEA that mandates early intervention services for children with disabilities from birth through 2 years and 11 months of age
- Individual family services plan

32
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B

A

A section of the IDEA that mandates special education and related services for children and youth with disabilities from 3-21 years of age
- Individual educational program

33
Q

Free and appropriate public education (FAPE)

A

A leading principle of the Individuals with Disabilities Act that states that every child is eligible for government-funded education

34
Q

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part A

A

A section of the IDEA that outlines the mandated services that all children with disabilities are entitled to as part of a free and appropriate public education (FAPE)

35
Q

Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF)

A

The accrediting organization that recognizes rehabilitation facilities for their commitment to outcomes and continuous improvement of their programs and services

36
Q

The Joint Commission

A

Accrediting and certification organization for healthcare organizations with focus on performance-based standards related to:
- quality
- safety
- effectiveness

37
Q

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)

A

The legislative act that protects client health care information
The primary purpose of HIPAA is to standardize the exchange of financial and administrative data while ensuring each patient’s health information is properly protected and to avoid confidential patient information being revealed or used inappropriately

38
Q

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

A

The legislative act that prohibits discrimination in employment, public buildings, housing, and transportation based solely on a disability

39
Q

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA)

A

Requires hospitals provide patients with a copy of the Patient’s Bill of Rights, a list of guarantees for those receiving medical care. Many facilities voluntarily adopted versions of a Patient’s Bill of Rights as healthcare became more patient and family focused.

40
Q

Patient’s Bill of Rights

A

Provides coverage to Americans with preexisting conditions
Protects a patient’s choice of doctors
Adults under 26 may be eligible for coverage under their parents’ health plan
Ends lifetime limits on coverage for all new health insurance plans
Ends pre-existing condition limitations/exclusions for children under 19
Ends arbitrary withdrawals of insurance coverage
Requires insurance companies to justify publicly unreasonable rate hikes
Requires insurance premium dollars to be spent primarily on health care and not administrative costs
Restricts annual dollar limits on coverage by 2014
Removes insurance company barriers to emergency services so patients can seek emergency care at a hospital outside their health plan’s network.

41
Q

Medicare

A

Falls under Social Security Act
- Covers those over 65
- SSI disability
- End stage Renal Disease
Medicare has 2 main parts

42
Q

Parts of Medicare

A

Part A: hospitals, SNF, Home Health, Hospice
- No charge
Part B: outpatient services, long-term nursing, adaptive equipment
- Patient pays a premium
Part C: supplemental (patient pays) usually comes from other source to pick up the difference
Part D: medication

43
Q

What can a COTA do?

A

Collaboration on evals, treatment plan, reeval and discharge.
They can document just like we do, they CAN NOT create or modify the treatment plan, eval, reeval or discharge.
They can write notes
Cosigning - some states require it
They can adjust a wt or activity.
State licensure creates supervision laws.

44
Q

What is a screening?

A

Brief check to see if a client needs further eval, referral or intervention
Usually not reimbursable
Can be done without physician order or referral
COTA can perform screen but not interpret

45
Q

What is a contact note used for?

A

To document the order/referral was received
To document a screen was performed
To document communication between OT and other health care professionals or between OT and COTA
To document recommendations for equipment
To document recommendations to family or caregiver or training
To document missed visits

46
Q

Roles of OTR and COTA in an evaluation

A

OTR is responsible for:
- The process
- Choosing appropriate eval
- Summarizing, analyzing and interpreting
- Developing the intervention plan
- Referring to another party or profession

COTA is responsible for:
- Contribute and perform parts or components
Both can educate and explain evaluation to family or client

47
Q

Role of OTR and COTA in intervention plans

A

OTR and COTA can implement the plan
OTR writes the Plan
With input from COTA
The COTA can change the activities but not the goals

48
Q

What is abuse?

A

Accidental up coding
“Our policy is that everyone gets e-stim after therapy”
To much abuse quickly turns to FRAUD
If everyone is getting it, you can’t be using clinical reasoning!

49
Q

What is fraud?

A

Intentional up-coding
Billing for services not performed
ATC, AIDES
“It looks just like the real thing”

50
Q

Acute care hospital

A

1-2 days out
Acute injuries, exacerbation of conditions
Typically seen daily
Pt typically seen
- amputees
- heart attack
- TBI, spinal cord
- orthopedics (hip replacement or fx)
Special conditions
- weird exacerbations (sickle cell, diabetes, Ms., cancer)
- PPE
- team
- vital status
- IV, catheter, intubation
- bedside therapy
Goals will probably be basic. May only have long term goals.

51
Q

Acute rehab

A

Inpatient
1-3 weeks out
Neurological, orthopedic, cardiac, general deconditioning, other disorders
Typically seen daily for 3-4 hours
What would you do?
- ADLs
- transfers
- endurance for ambulation, eating, laundry, etc.
- feeding
- driving retraining
- cooking/food prep
- wheelchair skills
Special considerations
- preparing them for home, not hospital
- induviduality
Goal is not to get them independent in rehab, but independent in the home setting

52
Q

Sub Acute

A

Also called Step Down or Transition Unit
Inpatient - often in the same building as a nursing home or hospital
Neuro, ortho, cardiac, general medicine
Weeks to months from onset
Typically seen daily
Basically the same as acute, but at a much slower rate with shorter therapy sessions
Some come from the nursing home
Typically not expected to be independent. Usually go home with a family member or spouse.

53
Q

Skilled Nursing Facility

A

Inpatient
Typically months to years
- may go here before acute rehab
Neuro, orthopedic, cardiac, general medical
Typically seen daily, weekly, monthly, or consult
They have to have something medically going on which would require a skilled nursing service.
Must have a physical separation between Medicare A and B.
Long term, assisted living, and independent living are not medical.

54
Q

Home Health

A

New rule: unable to leave the home on a frequent basis without difficulty
Patient is considered homebound if trips:
- are infrequent
- are short in duration
- require a taxing effort
Patient requires intermittent:
- skilled nursing, includes psych
- PT
- SLP
- OT
Neuro, cardio, orthopedic, deconditioning
Typically seen 1-7x a week for 60 days
Typically must come out of hospital
Working on ADLs, IADLs, transfers, mobility, etc.
Can be done any place.

55
Q

Residential care - ALU

A

Just like the patient home
- out of pocket
- insurance may pay
Typically, consultation or as needed after new diagnosis or exacerbation
Places have different standards; this establish the goals
- they must be able to get themselves to the diner without assistance
- they must be appropriate and not need extensive medical care
Cost and care vary greatly

56
Q

Outpatient

A

Clients may be days to months from injury or exacerbation
They come to you
Typically more specializations
- pediatrics
- hand
- industrial rehab
- lymphedema
Can’t trap client
More involvement from client
Typically seen 1-5x per week
May have contracts
Referral source becomes a bigger issue

57
Q

Worksite

A

Relatively new
Typically larger companies
Able to stay in the “work mode” and on site
Requires the opportunity to work with the employer to ease a client back in
Focus on restoring abilities or may have a wellness aspect

58
Q

Day/ Community Based Treatment

A

Client may be seen months to years
Generally neurological, behavioral, autism, down syndrome
Drug, alcohol
Eating disorders
Restore and develop skills